Flexible MXene/Graphene Films for Ultrafast Supercapacitors with Outstanding Volumetric Capacitance

Yan, Jun; Ren, Chang E.; Maleski, Kathleen; Hatter, Christine B.; Anasori, Babak; Urbankowski, Patrick; Sarycheva, Asya; Gogotsi, Yury

doi:10.1002/adfm.201701264

Cited by 1,438 publications

(1,096 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The high-resolution spectrum of the Ti 2p region (Figure 3c) was fitted by components corresponding to the following three species: Ti-C, Ti-F, Ti-O in the forms of Ti-O, Ti 2 O 3 , and TiO 2 . [40] With the replacement of Al elements by more electronegative surface terminations such as O, OH, and F, the binding energies (BE) of the Ti-C species (Ti 2p3/2, 2p1/2) shift to higher BE of 456.2 and 461.4 eV in comparison with their parent MAX phases. Figure 3d shows high-resolution spectrum in the C 1s region that was fitted by components corresponding to C-C, C-Ti, C-OH, COO, and C-F species.…”

Section: Wwwadvelectronicmatdementioning

confidence: 99%

Extraordinary Areal and Volumetric Performance of Flexible Solid‐State Micro‐Supercapacitors Based on Highly Conductive Freestanding Ti₃C₂T_x Films

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Adv Elect Materials

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as well as light-weight, remarkable flexibility, and security. [1][2][3][4][5] During last 5-7 years, we witnessed the rapid improvement of unconventional supercapacitors including high-performance (especially the areal and volumetric properties) supercapacitors, [6][7][8][9] novel structured micro-supercapacitors, [10][11][12] ultrathin and transparent devices, [13,14] flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors, [15][16][17][18][19] and on-chip and large-scale integrated micro-supercapacitors. [20][21][22] Although these breakthroughs were made, development of MSCs is still in its infancy. And lots of importance and challenges such as 3D architecture design, highconductive leakage-free electrolytes, low self-discharge effect, large-scale on-chip integration at microscale, high mechanical reliability, and outstanding performances in areal and volumetric need to be further addressed. Similar to conventional supercapacitors with inflexibility and liquid electrolytes, the intrinsic properties of the electrode materials, which are critical to high-performance supercapacitors and the method of electrode fabrication, evidently play the most important role in developing state-of-the-art MSCs. In this respect, it is the key to find one material that possesses both outstanding mechanical flexibility and electrochemical performance.MXenes, one kind of novel 2D materials, are promising candidates for developing state-of-the-art MSCs because of their outstanding electrical conductivity, superior areal and Approaching state-of-the-art areal and volumetric capacitances while maintaining high-power characteristic is a big challenge that promotes practical application of flexible solid-state micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), which have recently attracted great attention with the rapid development of flexible microelectronics. Herein, it is reported that freestanding extrahigh conductive Ti 3 C 2 T x (MXene) films with excellent flexibility and effectively controlled thickness ranging from 1-21 µm performed as excellently scalable and flexible solid-state MSCs owing to their ultrahigh underlying electrical conductivity (up to 1.25 × 10 5 S m −1 ) and self-functionalized surfaces (O, OH, and F terminations). Amazingly, freestanding conductive Ti 3 C 2 T x based flexible solid-state MSCs with interdigital electrodes and polyvinyl alcohol/sulfuric acid (PVA/H 2 SO 4 ) gel electrolyte display outstanding areal capacitances of 340 mF cm −2 at 0.25 mA cm −2 based on the two working electrodes. Moreover, the maximum corresponding volumetric capacitance and energy density of flexible solid-state MSCs reach up to 183 F cm −3 and 12.4 mWh cm −3 , which is on the topmost level among all the unconventional supercapacitors to date. Compared with materials currently used in MSCs, this freestanding conductive Ti 3 C 2 T x shows potential and scalability in increasing overall

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Section: Wwwadvelectronicmatdementioning

confidence: 99%

Extraordinary Areal and Volumetric Performance of Flexible Solid‐State Micro‐Supercapacitors Based on Highly Conductive Freestanding Ti₃C₂T_x Films

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Adv Elect Materials

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“…[20][21][22] These provide us a new route for assembling aqueous Zinc-ion HSCs (ZHSCs) with zinc metal battery-type electrodes and suitable capacitor-type electrodes. However, similar to graphene, adjacent MXene nanosheets are prone to aggregation and self-restacking under the van der Waals interaction, [32] which reduces their interlayer spacing, limits the electrolyte ions transport and hinders the sufficient Although current energy storage devices are limited by their own shortcomings, their merits such as superior power density and cycling stability for supercapacitors (SCs), and high energy density for batteries cannot be ignored either. [23][24][25] However, AC-based electrodes for HSCs have several defects: i) AC-based electrodes require binder, conductive-additive and metal current collector, which increases the total weight, and thus decrease the final specific capacitance of the devices.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene‐Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor with Ultralong Cycle Life

Wang

Guo

et al. 2019

Adv Elect Materials

271

152

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is much smaller for medium-and largeenergy storage systems. [9][10][11] Fortunately, constructing hybrid SCs (HSCs) that combine the merits of battery and SC with battery-type electrodes and capacitor-type electrodes is an intelligent way to improve the energy density of SCs. [12] The Li-ion and Na-ion-based HSCs that attempted to further improve the energy density of SCs have made certain progress, but these HSCs generally adopted organic electrolyte, which leads to serious safety issues. [13][14][15][16] Although Li-ion and Na-ion-based HSCs that adopted aqueous electrolyte were seldom reported, the battery-type electrode materials for Li-ion or Na-ion storage in aqueous electrolyte generally suffer from low capacity. [17][18][19] Thus, it is necessary to construct new HSCs based on other metal ion in aqueous electrolyte. Recently, more and more research attentions have been turned to aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). While the short cycle life is the biggest drawback of aqueous ZIBs, the advantages of aqueous ZIBs-such as high capacity, high energy density, and high level of safety-cannot be ignored. [20][21][22] These provide us a new route for assembling aqueous Zinc-ion HSCs (ZHSCs) with zinc metal battery-type electrodes and suitable capacitor-type electrodes. In this respect, activated carbon (AC) as a common electrode material for HSCs was applied in recent reports. [23][24][25] However, AC-based electrodes for HSCs have several defects: i) AC-based electrodes require binder, conductive-additive and metal current collector, which increases the total weight, and thus decrease the final specific capacitance of the devices. ii) AC-based electrodes that store energy by using the energy storage mechanism of electrochemical double-layer capacitors have limited capacities. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new capacitor-type electrodes without binder and conductive-additive.MXene is a new group of 2D materials. Since the MXene was first reported in 2011, [26] it has attracted much attention due to the excellent metallic electrical conductivity, hydrophilic surface, and especially the pseudocapacitance energy storage mechanism in the field of SCs. [27][28][29][30][31] These features make MXene particularly attractive for capacitor-type electrodes of the ZHSCs. However, similar to graphene, adjacent MXene nanosheets are prone to aggregation and self-restacking under the van der Waals interaction, [32] which reduces their interlayer spacing, limits the electrolyte ions transport and hinders the sufficient Although current energy storage devices are limited by their own shortcomings, their merits such as superior power density and cycling stability for supercapacitors (SCs), and high energy density for batteries cannot be ignored either. Constructing hybrid SCs (HSCs) with capacitor-type electrodes and battery-type electrodes can combine the advantages of SCs and batteries. Herein, a zinc-ion HSC (ZHSC) is fabricated with a porous 3D MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x )-reduced graphene oxide aerogel cathode and zinc foil an...

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“…Carbon-based materials show a number of excellent physical and chemical properties, such as good electronic optical and mechanical properties. The carbon materials receiving most attention recently include graphene (G), [130,131] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), [132] mesoporous carbon, [66] etc. The carbon materials receiving most attention recently include graphene (G), [130,131] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), [132] mesoporous carbon, [66] etc.…”

Section: Mxene-carbon Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[69] Besides, Fan et al also reported a method of growing 2D layer Mo 2 C on vertically distributed graphene, which was obtained from vertically distributed CNTs. [131,[140][141][142] Our group directly synthesizes TI 3 C 2 T x / rGO composite by solution mixing and has successfully infiltrated sulfur into the resulting composite. In order to deposit MoC 2 on the surface of graphene uniformly, molybdenum metal must be first sprayed on the surface of graphene, and then the Mo-based precursor is carbonized with a gaseous carbon source to form 2D layer Mo 2 C. [130] Figure 3b shows the schematic preparation process of the Mo 2 C/N-doped graphene (N-G) composite.…”

Section: Mxene-graphene Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MXene‐Based Composites: Synthesis and Applications in Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors

Yang

Bao

Jaumaux

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

229

142

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The family of 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (collectively called MXenes) is rapidly studied since the initial synthesis of Ti3C2Tx (MXene). The surface of MXenes etched by hydrofluoric acid has hydrophilic groups (F, OH, and O), which leads the surface to be negatively charged. Consequently, the negatively charged surface can facilitate the compounding of MXenes with other positively charged materials and prevent MXenes from aggregating with some negatively charged substances, thus promoting the formation of a stable dispersion. The MXene‐based composites have better electrochemical performance than both precursors due to synergistic effects. This review elaborates and discusses the development of MXene‐based composites. It is aimed to summarize the various methods of fabricating MXene‐based composites. The applications of MXene‐based composites in batteries and supercapacitors are presented along with analysis of their excellent electrochemical performances. Finally, the authors propose the approach for further enhancing the electrochemical performances of MXene‐based composite electrode materials.

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Flexible MXene/Graphene Films for Ultrafast Supercapacitors with Outstanding Volumetric Capacitance

Cited by 1,438 publications

References 43 publications

Extraordinary Areal and Volumetric Performance of Flexible Solid‐State Micro‐Supercapacitors Based on Highly Conductive Freestanding Ti₃C₂T_x Films

Extraordinary Areal and Volumetric Performance of Flexible Solid‐State Micro‐Supercapacitors Based on Highly Conductive Freestanding Ti₃C₂T_x Films

MXene‐Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor with Ultralong Cycle Life

MXene‐Based Composites: Synthesis and Applications in Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors

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Flexible MXene/Graphene Films for Ultrafast Supercapacitors with Outstanding Volumetric Capacitance

Cited by 1,438 publications

References 43 publications

Extraordinary Areal and Volumetric Performance of Flexible Solid‐State Micro‐Supercapacitors Based on Highly Conductive Freestanding Ti3C2Tx Films

Extraordinary Areal and Volumetric Performance of Flexible Solid‐State Micro‐Supercapacitors Based on Highly Conductive Freestanding Ti3C2Tx Films

MXene‐Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor with Ultralong Cycle Life

MXene‐Based Composites: Synthesis and Applications in Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors

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Product

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Extraordinary Areal and Volumetric Performance of Flexible Solid‐State Micro‐Supercapacitors Based on Highly Conductive Freestanding Ti₃C₂T_x Films

Extraordinary Areal and Volumetric Performance of Flexible Solid‐State Micro‐Supercapacitors Based on Highly Conductive Freestanding Ti₃C₂T_x Films