Flexible galvanic skin response sensor based on vertically aligned silver nanowires

Park, Sun Hwa; Park, Jihye; Park, Han Nah; Park, Hyun Min; Song, Jianwei

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2018.06.125

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…2c–ii due to the insulating nature of the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of skin. The obtained values are roughly consistent with those reported previously 20 , 21 despite the resistance value of intact skin being dependent on the method of measurement, humidity, and the measured part of body. Importantly, by using the PMN, the transdermal resistance was lowered and stabilized to 40–150 kΩ (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The technical difficulty of these transdermal iontophoresis applications arises from the barrier functions of the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of skin (~20 μm thickness) 7 , 17 . Since iontophoresis is a DC technique, the electrical barrier of the stratum corneum (resistance, ~10 MΩ) 20 , 21 makes it difficult to induce stable transdermal currents. Also, because of the barrier function to mass transfer, only small molecules (< ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transdermal electroosmotic flow generated by a porous microneedle array patch

et al. 2021

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A microneedle array is an attractive option for a minimally invasive means to break through the skin barrier for efficient transdermal drug delivery. Here, we report the applications of solid polymer-based ion-conductive porous microneedles (PMN) containing interconnected micropores for improving iontophoresis, which is a technique of enhancing transdermal molecular transport by a direct current through the skin. The PMN modified with a charged hydrogel brings three innovative advantages in iontophoresis at once: (1) lowering the transdermal resistance by low-invasive puncture of the highly resistive stratum corneum, (2) transporting of larger molecules through the interconnected micropores, and (3) generating electroosmotic flow (EOF). In particular, the PMN-generated EOF greatly enhances the transdermal molecular penetration or extraction, similarly to the flow induced by external pressure. The enhanced efficiencies of the EOF-assisted delivery of a model drug (dextran) and of the extraction of glucose are demonstrated using a pig skin sample. Furthermore, the powering of the PMN-based transdermal EOF system by a built-in enzymatic biobattery (fructose / O2 battery) is also demonstrated as a possible totally organic iontophoresis patch.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal electroosmotic flow generated by a porous microneedle array patch

et al. 2021

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“…With the help of FFT similar to that in Figure c, respiration frequency can be extracted (Figure f). GSR refers to changes in the electrical properties on the surface of the skin in response to sweat secretions, which is reflective of the intensity of emotional state and modulated autonomously by sympathetic activity . Double-electrodes-based GSR sensors are usually attached on the skin to measure skin conductance activity .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonintrusive Monitoring of Mental Fatigue Status Using Epidermal Electronic Systems and Machine-Learning Algorithms

et al. 2020

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Mental fatigue, characterized by subjective feelings of "tiredness" and "lack of energy", can degrade individual performance in a variety of situations, for example, in motor vehicle driving or while performing surgery. Thus, a method for nonintrusive monitoring of mental fatigue status is urgently needed. Recent research shows that physiological signal-based fatigueclassification methods using wearable electronics can be sufficiently accurate; by contrast, rigid, bulky devices constrain the behavior of those wearing them, potentially interfering with test signals. Recently, wearable electronics, such as epidermal electronics systems (EES) and electronic tattoos (E-tattoos), have been developed to meet the requirements for the comfortable measurement of various physiological signals. However, comfortable, effective, and nonintrusive monitoring of mental fatigue levels remains to be fulfilled. In this work, an EES is established to simultaneously detect multiple physiological signals in a comfortable and nonintrusive way. Machine-learning algorithms are employed to determine the mental fatigue levels and a predictive accuracy of up to 89% is achieved based on six different kinds of physiological features using decision tree algorithms. Furthermore, EES with the trained predictive model are applied to monitor in situ human mental fatigue levels when doing several routine research jobs, as well as the effect of relaxation methods in relieving fatigue.

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“…Figure 3c shows a typical AC impedance (1 Hz-100 kHz) of the PMN on a highly conductive agarose gel (red line), where the difference from the measurement without PMN (black line) at >10 kHz corresponds to the DC ionic resistance of the PMN chip, 350 AE 27 Ω (n ¼ 3), which is sufficiently lower than the skin (%1 MΩ). [41,42] The resistance of the PMN was not changed (within the error) by modification of the PAMPS thin film. The cytocompatibility was checked for the dermal fibroblast cultured with the PAMPS-PMN (Figure S3, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Pmn For Transdermal Electroosmosismentioning

confidence: 92%

Porous Microneedle Patch for Electroosmosis‐Promoted Transdermal Delivery of Drugs and Vaccines

Abe

Sato

Kimura

et al. 2021

Advanced NanoBiomed Research

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A charged porous microneedle (PMN) generates the electroosmotic flow (EOF) and promotes the through‐needle transport of molecules and particles, indicating its applicability for the EOF‐based low‐invasive transdermal delivery of drugs and vaccines. The negatively charged PMN is prepared by grafting a thin film of poly (2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) onto the inner wall of the microchannels of the polyglycidyl methacrylate PMN. Promoted transport from anode to cathode is observed for albumin, Au nanoparticles (15, 50 nm), and silica beads (100 nm), indicating the generation of an EOF strong enough to transport these negatively charged larger size species against their electrophoretic motion. A model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) is preloaded in the PMN, and is injected to a hydrogel and a pig skin with a higher efficiency (more than 2 times) than the conventional diffusion‐based passive release. These results successfully demonstrate the novel EOF‐based effective injection of drugs and vaccines into the skin, achieved by the newly developed charged PMN.

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Flexible galvanic skin response sensor based on vertically aligned silver nanowires

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Transdermal electroosmotic flow generated by a porous microneedle array patch

Transdermal electroosmotic flow generated by a porous microneedle array patch

Nonintrusive Monitoring of Mental Fatigue Status Using Epidermal Electronic Systems and Machine-Learning Algorithms

Porous Microneedle Patch for Electroosmosis‐Promoted Transdermal Delivery of Drugs and Vaccines

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