Flexible CuO-rGO/ PANI thermal absorber with high broadband photoresponse and salt resistance for efficient desalination of oil-contaminated seawater

Silver sulfide decorated carbonaceous sawdust/ES-PANI composites as salt-resistant solar steam generator

“…The solar to steam efficiency ( η ) was computed via eqn (2): 12,43 where ν (kg m −2 h −1 ) is the rate of vapor generation under steady-state conditions irradiation and Q in (mW cm −2 ) represents the incoming solar irradiation intensity. H e is the sum of the latent heat and sensible heat enthalpy of the whole water-vapor phase shift, which is computed as follows: H e = C p Δ T + Δhwhere, C p is the specific heat capacity of water which is equal to 4.18 J g −1 k −1 , Δ T is the change of temperature of the water, and Δh refers to the latent heat of vaporization on the relative temperature (2394 kJ kg −1 ).…”

“…The solar to steam efficiency (h) was computed via eqn (2): 12,43 Fig. 1 Schematic for sawdust calcination.…”

“…For PANI, the peaks at $1560 and 1480 cm −1 correspond to the quinonoid and benzenoid rings C]C stretching, respectively. 43,52 Meanwhile, the bands at $1295, 1241, and 1125 cm −1 are assigned to C-N and C-H bending of benzenoid and quinoid rings. 53 The spectrum of PANI/CW showed the disappearance of some of the characteristic bands of the CW besides, it is almost the same as PANI, except they are smaller as a result of the attachment of poly aniline to the carbonized wood, which conrmed the successful coating of PANI over the carbonized wood.…”

“…42 Emeraldine salt (ES), in particular, is considered the most efficient form of PANI in terms of sunlight absorption and resistance to salt accumulation during solar-driven water desalination. 43 Overall, developing solar absorbers with cost-effective and facile fabrication, salt resistance, and high steam generation properties is still challenging.…”

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation for water treatment: advanced research progress and challenges

“…[1][2][3] In recent years, increasing types of photothermal materials (PMs) have been designed based on interfacial evaporation, mainly including natural products, 4-10 polymers, [11][12][13][14][15] carbon materials, [16][17][18][19][20][21] and semiconductors. [22][23][24][25][26][27] Besides, the functions of the developed PMs are becoming increasingly comprehensive, mainly covering long-term salt resistance, 6,[28][29][30][31][32] self-cleaning [33][34][35][36][37] and collaborative power generation. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44] Collaborative power generation occurs due to the upward ow of water caused by solar-driven PMs, creating concentration and temperature differences between the interface and the water body, thus generating electricity and water vapor simultaneously.…”