Flexible Cationic Nanoparticles with Photosensitizer Cores for Multifunctional Biomedical Applications

Abstract

One challenge for multimodal therapy is to develop appropriate multifunctional agents to meet the requirements of potential applications. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is proven to be an effective way to treat cancers. Diverse polycations, such as ethylenediamine-functionalized poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGED) with plentiful primary amines, secondary amines, and hydroxyl groups, demonstrate good gene transfection performances. Herein, a series of multifunctional cationic nanoparticles (PRP) consisting of photosensitizer cores and PGED shells are readily developed through simple dopamine-involving processes for versatile bioapplications. A series of experiments demonstrates that PRP nanoparticles are able to effectively mediate gene delivery in different cell lines. PRP nanoparticles are further validated to possess remarkable capability of combined PDT and gene therapy for complementary tumor treatment. In addition, because of their high dispersities in biological matrix, the PRP nanoparticles can also be used for in vitro and in vivo imaging with minimal aggregation-caused quenching. Therefore, such flexible nanoplatforms with photosensitizer cores and polycationic shells are very promising for multimodal tumor therapy with high efficacy.

Oxidation‐Responsive Nanoassemblies for Light‐Enhanced Gene Therapy

“…The generation of extracellular 1 O 2 was assessed by using 1,3‐diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) as a detector . DPBF can react with 1 O 2 and cause a decrease in absorbance at 410 nm . Figure a implies that the generated 1 O 2 of CPAs and TAPc‐Fc increased with the increase of irradiation time.…”

“…[34] DPBF can react with 1 O 2 and cause a decrease in absorbance at 410 nm. [35] Figure 5a implies that the generated 1 O 2 of CPAs and TAPc-Fc increased with the increase of irradiation time. The control group of DPBF solution treated with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) shows that DPBF was stable upon light irradiation ( Figure S9a, Supporting Information).…”

Bacteria‐Targeting Photodynamic Nanoassemblies for Efficient Treatment of Multidrug‐Resistant Biofilm Infected Keratitis

“…RB‐NH 2 was synthesized as reported in the literature. [ 35 ] For the 1 H NMR data of αAcGEMA (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ), peaks a (δ 2.03 ppm), b (δ 6.13 and 5.60 ppm), c (δ 5.38 ppm), d (δ 4.03 and 3.90 ppm), e (δ 3.83 ppm), f (δ 4.31 ppm), g (δ 1.96 ppm), h (δ 4.54 ppm), j (δ 4.12 ppm), m (δ 5.21 ppm), and n (δ 5.01 ppm) show the typical chemical shifts of αAcGEMA (Figure S2a, Supporting Information). For the 1 H NMR data of PαAcGal 50 (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ), peaks a (δ 7.53 ppm) and b (5.42 ppm) show the polymerization degree of PαAcGal 50 (Figure S2b, Supporting Information).…”

“…RB-NH 2 was synthesized as reported in the literature. [35] For the 1 H NMR data of αAcGEMA (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ), peaks a (δ 2.03 ppm), b (δ 6.13 and 5.60 ppm), c (δ 5.38 ppm), d (δ 4.03 and 3.90 ppm), e (δ 3.83 ppm), f (δ 4.31 ppm), g (δ 1.96 ppm), h (δ 4.54 ppm), j (δ 4.12 ppm), (RB% (w/w) = 54%), and PαAcGal 50 -b-PGRB 100 (RB% (w/w) = 50%). Free RB was used as a reference to obtain the standard curve line (Figure S4b, Supporting Information).…”

Enhancers in polymeric nonviral gene delivery systems

“…Gene therapy makes it possible to completely cure some intractable diseases. During the past decades, gene therapy has attracted increasing attention for cancer treatment 3‐10 . An efficient gene delivery system is of great significance for successful gene therapy 11,12 .…”