Flexible and porous Co3O4-carbon nanofibers as binder-free electrodes for supercapacitors

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The kinetics studies is of great importance for the understanding of the mechanism of hemicellulose pyrolysis and expanding the applications of hemicellulose. In the past years, rapid progress has been paid on the kinetics studies of hemicellulose hydrolysis. In this article, we first introduced the hydrolysis of hemicelluloses via various strategies such as autohydrolysis, dilute acid hydrolysis, catalytic hydrolysis, and enzymatic hydrolysis. Then, the history of kinetic models during hemicellulose hydrolysis was summarized. Special attention was paid to the oligosaccharides as intermediates or substrates, acid as catalyst, and thermogravimetric as analyzer method during the hemicellulose hydrolysis. Furthermore, the problems and suggestions of kinetic models during hemicellulose hydrolysis was provided. It expected that this article will favor the understanding of the mechanism of hemicellulose pyrolysis.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Kinetics Studies on Hydrolysis of Hemicellulose

Yuan

Liu

et al. 2021

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“…Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the preparation of porous carbon electrode materials for supercapacitors using biomass as precursors ( Lian et al, 2018 ; Zhu et al, 2018 ; Yang et al, 2019 ; Liu et al, 2021g ). Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most abundant resources, which is a promising source of renewable energy ( Du et al, 2019 ; Liu et al, 2020a ; Liu et al, 2020b ; Wang et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021d ; Xu et al, 2021a ; Zhang et al, 2021a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin-Based/Polypyrrole Carbon Nanofiber Electrode With Enhanced Electrochemical Properties by Electrospun Method

Kim

et al. 2022

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Tailoring the structure and properties of lignin is an important step toward electrochemical applications. In this study, lignin/polypyrrole (PPy) composite electrode films with microporous and mesoporous structures were designed effectively by electrostatic spinning, carbonization, and in situ polymerization methods. The lignin can not only reduce the cost of carbon fiber but also increase the specific surface area of composite films due to the removal of carbonyl and phenolic functional groups of lignin during carbonization. Besides, the compact three-dimensional (3D) conductive network structures were constructed with PPy particles densely coated on the lignin nanofibers, which was helpful to improve the conductivity and fast electron transfer during the charging and discharging processes. The synthesized lignin carbon fibers/PPy anode materials had good electrochemical performance in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The results showed that, at a current density of 1 A g−1, the lignin carbon nanofibers/PPy (LCNFs/PPy) had a larger specific capacitance of 213.7 F g−1 than carbon nanofibers (CNFs), lignin carbon nanofibers (LCNFs), and lignin/PPy fiber (LPAN/PPy). In addition, the specific surface area of LCNFs/PPy reached 872.60 m2 g−1 and the average pore size decreased to 2.50 nm after being coated by PPy. Therefore, the independent non-binder and self-supporting conductive film is expected to be a promising electrode material for supercapacitors with high performance.

“…Besides, the intrinsic electrocatalyst activity is also significant to manufacture high performance electrodes ( Li et al, 2020 ; Xiao et al, 2021 ). Cobalt oxide has been studied extensively, because of their sustainability against corrosion, outstanding redox capability, distinct 3 days electron orbitals, and superior theoretical activity ( Xiang et al, 2018 ; Yu et al, 2018 ; Huang et al, 2020b ; Hou et al, 2020 ; Gao et al, 2021 ; Liu et al, 2021 ). Although there are many studies on cobalt oxide nanofibers ( Huang et al, 2019a ; Li et al, 2019b ), it is still facing great challenges to directly use it as a self-supporting electrode because of its lack of mechanical strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pd Doped Co3O4 Loaded on Carbon Nanofibers as Highly Efficient Free-Standing Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Reactions

Wang

et al. 2022

Self-supporting electrodes usually show excellent electrocatalytic performance which does not require coating steps, additional polymer binders, and conductive additives. Rapid in situ growth of highly active ingredient on self-supporting electric conductors is identified as a straight forward path to prepare binder-free and integrated electrodes. Here, Pd-doped Co3O4 loaded on carbon nanofiber materials through electrospinning and heat treatment was efficiently synthesized, and used as a free-standing electrode. Benefiting from its abundant active sites, high surface area and effective ionic conduction capability from three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber framework, Pd-Co3O4@CNF works as bifunctional oxygen electrode and exhibits superior activity and stability superior to commercial catalysts.