1996
DOI: 10.1016/0927-0248(95)00171-9
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Flexible and light weight copper indium diselenide solar cells on polyimide substrates

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Cited by 57 publications
(29 citation statements)
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“…[19][20][21] CIS exhibits a variety of structures depending on the ratio between Cu and In, including chalcopytite, stannite, wurtzite structures, etc. [22,23] When the ratio of Cu to In lies between 1:5 to 1:9, it forms a layered phase, i.e.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[19][20][21] CIS exhibits a variety of structures depending on the ratio between Cu and In, including chalcopytite, stannite, wurtzite structures, etc. [22,23] When the ratio of Cu to In lies between 1:5 to 1:9, it forms a layered phase, i.e.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For polymers, the development of high-efficiency cells seemed difficult because of the requirement of a low CIGS deposition temperature imposed by the thermal sensitivity of poly imide. A first report from ISET in 1996 announced an ef ficiency of 8.7% obtained by a two-step process of sputtering metal precursors at low temperature followed by a seleniza tion reaction at a higher temperature [47]. Our laboratory, while working at ETH Zurich, reported a record efficiency of 12.8% in 1999 using a coevaporation method, and since then, it has continuously improved setting a new record value of 18.7%, in 2011 [5], [55].…”
Section: Flexible Substrate Materials and Devicesmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Thickness was measured at 10 different points on the film and the values are recorded in Table 2. The average thickness of the film thus calculated comes out to be approximately 967 nm which is exceptional as far as the requirements for the solar cells are concerned [27].…”
Section: Film Thicknessmentioning
confidence: 99%