Flexibility Potential of Smart Charging Electric Trucks and Buses

Abstract

In addition to passenger vehicles, battery-electric trucks and buses could offer substantial flexibility to the energy system. Using a Bass diffusion model, we extrapolated the unidirectional charging needs and availability of trucks in five of eleven typical applications, as well as city buses, for Germany until 2040. Combined, these heavy-duty vehicles could provide up to 23 GW of down-regulating flexibility potential (i.e., in case of excess power supply) in 2040. The resulting revenues could contribute to reducing electricity costs for depot operators. These results illustrate the need to provide easy and automated market access to heavy-duty vehicle fleets.

Analysis of Scalable Resonant DC–DC Converter Using GaN Switches for xEV Charging Stations

“…The 180-degree phase shift technique is employed to control the input voltage within the wide range of 300 V in -500 V in , while the VFPSM methodology ensures precise regulation at both the line and load sides [36]. The operation of converters 1 and 2 involves a switching process that utilizes the phase shifting approach known as "before 180 • " and "after 180 • ", respectively, as seen in Figure 6 [37,38].…”