Flea Biology, Allergy and Control

Immediate and long-term efficacy of Felpreva®, a new spot-on formulation containing tigolaner, emodepside and praziquantel, applied as a single application to cats artificially infested with the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis

“…Nevertheless, flea-infested pets and FAD are two common diagnoses in veterinary practice. It is estimated that 50% and more of all dermatological cases reported to veterinarians are flea-related ( Rust & Dryden, 1997 ; Beugnet & Franc, 2010 ; Noli, 2020 ). Recent investigations on ectoparasiticides purchase transactions and owner surveys regarding compliance to veterinary recommendations on ectoparasite control, have identified the pet owner as one among several key factors.…”

“…Flea bites can cause irritating skin reactions in the infested animal. Initial signs of papules and erythema may become progressively severe and self-traumatic skin lesions may lead to hyperpigmentation, alopecia and pyoderma ( Krämer & Mencke, 2001 ; Noli, 2020 ). In the allergic animal, intense pruritus and inflammation are typical signs of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD), also called flea bite hypersensitivity (FBH).…”

“…The immunopathogenesis of the sensitization process is not yet completely understood, but both immediate (type I) and delayed (type IV) hypersensitivity occur in dogs and cats ( Dryden & Blakemore, 1989 ; Lee et al., 1999 ; Kunkle et al., 2003 ; Wilkerson et al., 2004 ). In cats, FAD is one major cause of feline miliary dermatitis ( Colombini et al., 2001 ; Jackson & Foster, 2006 ; Noli, 2020 ). Chronically infested pets may suffer from anaemia and heavy flea infestations have been known to produce severe iron deficiency anaemia in young animals ( Dryden & Gaafar, 1991 ; Dryden & Rust, 1994 ; Krämer & Mencke, 2001 ; Traversa, 2013 ).…”

Efficacy of Felpreva®, a new spot-on formulation containing tigolaner, emodepside and praziquantel, applied as a single application to cats artificially infested with ear mites (Otodectes cynotis)

“…Ear mite infestations are the most common cause for feline otitis externa, accounting for approximately 50–85% of all clinical cases ( Wall and Shearer, 2001 ; Jacobson, 2002 ; Brame and Cain, 2021 ). The disease is highly contagious and affects all types of cats ( Noli, 2020 ). Transmission of O. cynotis occurs by direct contact, often from infected mothers to their kittens.…”

Efficiency Evaluation of Silica Nanoparticles as a Pesticide against Ctenocephalides felis

“…Moreover, C. felis is known as an intermediate host for Dipylidium caninum (Rousseau et al, 2022). The salivary secretions of C. felis can lead to a severe infection called flea dermatitis (Manvell et al, 2022), and consequently, hyperpigmentation, alopecia, and pyoderma (Noli, 2020). Given the resistance of fleas to insecticides and the role that nanoparticles play in treating many diseases, the current study aimed to examine the effectiveness of silica oxide nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) on fleas in vitro.…”