Flea and ticks species from dogs in urban and rural areas in four districts in Chile

Abarca, Katia; Gárate, D; López, Javier; Acosta‐Jamett, Gerardo

doi:10.4067/s0301-732x2016000200017

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Ctenocephalides felis, in particular, is considered a well stablished intermediated host [95][96][97]. The globally distributed C. felis is also a common parasite of dogs in the Metropolitan Region of Chile [13,64] although they were found at low prevalence on the dogs included in this study and lice were not found at all (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Canine vector-borne pathogens in rural dogs in Chile: molecular survey and co-infection patterns

Cevidanes¹,

Cataldo²,

Martín³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Canine vector-borne pathogens (CVBP) comprise a relevant and globally distributed group of disease agents. The aim of this study is to determine de co-occurrence of the most relevant CVBP of veterinary and zoonotic interest, in free-ranging, owned, rural dogs of central Chile, and to evaluate risk factors and potential non-apparent hematological alterations associated to pathogen co-infection by two or more agents.Methods: Nine groups of canine vector-borne pathogens (CVBP) were molecularly investigated in 111 free-ranging, owned rural dogs in the Metropolitan Region of Chile. Results: At least one pathogen was detected in 75% of the dogs. The most prevalent agent was Anaplasma platys (36%), followed by Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum (CMhp; 31%), Mycoplasma haemocanis (Mhc; 28%), Trypanosoma cruzi (17%), Leishmania spp. (4.5%) and Acanthocheilonema reconditum (1%). DNA of Ehrlichia spp., Rickettsia spp., Bartonella spp., Piroplasmida and Hepatozoon spp. was not detected. Thirty-eight dogs (34%) were coinfected, either by two (n=20), three (n=7), or four agents (n=1). The most common co-infection pattern was CMhp – Mhc (n=14). CMhp was involved in 71%, Mhc in 58%, and A. platys in 50% of the co-infections. Prevalence of A. platys was higher in juvenile than in adult dogs, whereas the opposite was found for CMhp and Mhc. Adult dogs had five times more probabilities of being coinfected than young animals. Dogs positive for A. platys were infested by a larger number of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks than uninfected individuals. At clinical evaluation, most of the animals were considered healthy, with only eight dogs (7%) presenting pale mucous membranes. Co-infected animals showed higher white blood cell count, segmented neutrophil count and GGT levels than non-co-infected dogs. Conclusions: Widespread occurrence of and co-infection by CVBP was found in rural free-ranging dogs of central Chile. This study represents the first report of Leishmania spp. in Chile. Clinically healthy but infected dogs as those studied here may act as reservoirs of CVBP, potentially contributing to the spread of these pathogens to other tick-exposed dogs as well as human beings or wild carnivores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…In this sense, higher rates of exposure or infection were found in rural dogs when compared with their urban counterparts [61][62][63]. In the Metropolitan Region of Chile, the prevalence of R. sanguineus and Ctenocephalides canis was indeed higher in rural than in urban dogs [64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Canine vector-borne pathogens in rural dogs in Chile: molecular survey and co-infection patterns

Cevidanes¹,

Cataldo²,

Martín³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Some of these mestizo dogs had been rescued directly from the street or living in shelters. This is important considering that A. reconditum is transmitted by vectors such as fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) and lice (Heterodoxus spiniger) [3] that commonly infest stray or refuged dogs rather than "pure" breed dogs [41,46]. In fact, a study in Zambia, reported a prevalence of 7.6% microfilariasis (different from D. immitis) in mestizo dogs and not any dog of "pure" breed with these nematodes among 272 dogs studied [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Filariasis Outbreak in Southwestern Colombia: A Molecular and Epidemiological Study

Espinosa¹,

Rosero²,

Villegas³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Different nematodes affect canines, however, Dirofilaria immitis is the most prevalent filariae. D. immitis causes heartworm disease that can be fatal for dogs and potentially transmitted to humans. Climate change, animal migration, among other factors have changed the dynamics of vector-borne diseases, including filariasis. In the last four years, a sudden increase of dogs with microfilaremia was reported by different veterinary centers in Cali, the main city of Southwest Colombia. The objective of this study was to molecularly identify the etiologic agent of this filariasis outbreak reported in this area from 2018-2019, using a novel PCR–RFLP method. Those filariasis cases were initially detected by microscopic and serological tests. A total of 82 canine filariasis cases were molecularly analyzed, identifying 55 (67%) of them as Acantacheilonema reconditum. PCR-sequencing was performed in eight cases confirming this finding. The filariasis cases were statistically associated with male dogs who had clinical signs of anemia, with low levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit (p &lt;0.0001), and high levels of plasma proteins (p &lt;0.001). This emerging canine disease constitutes an important public health concern among clinicians and advises active surveillance to explore its zoonotic potential.

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“…Los géneros y especies de garrapatas presentes en esta investigación han sido previamente identificadas en Yucatán, México (16)(17)(18)(19)26 (28). Por su parte, el género Ixodes infesta habitualmente animales en contacto con ambientes silvestres o peri-domésticos (29) e identificarlo en perros de comunidades rurales en Yucatán, se debe principalmente a que algunas veces son utilizados en actividades como la cacería de subsistencia (27).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Rickettsia spp. en garrapatas (Acari: Ixodidae) que infestan perros de una comunidad rural con antecedentes de rickettsiosis, Yucatán, México

Martínez-Ortiz¹,

Torres–Castro²,

López-Ávila³

et al. 2019

Rev Biomed

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Introducción. Las bacterias del género Rickettsia son agentes causales de las rickettsiosis, enfermedades zoonóticas endémicas en México. En Yucatán, ocurrió un brote en habitantes de Bolmay; sin embargo, no se identificó el probable artrópodo transmisor. Objetivo. Reportar la presencia de Rickettsia spp. en garrapatas infestando perros domésticos de Bolmay.Material y métodos. Se trabajaron 105 viales con hasta ocho garrapatas. Se extrajo ADN de los ectoparásitos, posterior a la identificación del ciclo de desarrollo vital, la diferenciación sexual, género y especie. Se realizaron dos PCR para aislar fragmentos de los genes htrA (17-kDa) y rOmpB, pertenecientes a Rickettsia spp. Los productos positivos fueron secuenciados y analizados con la herramienta BLAST y el algoritmo Megablast. Resultados. Se utilizaron 291 garrapatas de los géneros Amblyomma (55.7%, 162/291), Rhipicephalus (34%, 99/291) e Ixodes (10.3%, 30/291), y las especies: Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, Ixodes affinis, Amblyomma cajennense y Amblyomma ovale. La positividad por PCR fue de 11.4% (12/105) para los géneros Amblyomma (66.7%, 8/12), Rhipicephalus (25%, 3/12) e Ixodes (8.3%, 1/12), y las especies A. cajennense, Rh. sanguineus s. l. e I. affinis. Se identificó ADN rickettsial en ninfas, larvas y adultos, y en machos y hembras. El análisis BLAST arrojó un 99% de cobertura e identidad con secuencias de Rickettsia spp.Conclusión. Los géneros y algunas especies de garrapatas infestando perros de Bolmay, probablemente están involucrados en el ciclo de transmisión de Rickettsia spp. a los habitantes. Se presenta la primera evidencia molecular de Rickettsia spp. en garrapatas I. affinis de Yucatán, México.

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Flea and ticks species from dogs in urban and rural areas in four districts in Chile

Cited by 21 publications

References 29 publications

Canine vector-borne pathogens in rural dogs in Chile: molecular survey and co-infection patterns

Canine vector-borne pathogens in rural dogs in Chile: molecular survey and co-infection patterns

Canine Filariasis Outbreak in Southwestern Colombia: A Molecular and Epidemiological Study

Rickettsia spp. en garrapatas (Acari: Ixodidae) que infestan perros de una comunidad rural con antecedentes de rickettsiosis, Yucatán, México

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