Flaxseed meal and oat hulls supplementation: impact on predicted production and absorption of volatile fatty acids and energy from hindgut fermentation in growing pigs1

Ndou, Saymore Petros; Kiarie, E.; Nyachoti, C. M.

doi:10.1093/jas/sky399

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The low ileal SCFA but high content of SDF was also found in the OB group, which verified our hypothesis that solubility and source of DF were affecting the production of SCFA. The higher normalized concentration of fecal SCFA than ileal SCFA was also found in the research of Ndou et al ( 15 ), but contrast to the research of Coles et al ( 18 ). The reason could be the difference in the experimental model, as both Ndou's research and our research were conducted in a pig model, whereas the study of Coles et al used human feces as the inoculum.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…The previous study researched the effects of SDF and IDF on predicted SCFA production and absorption in the hindgut. Flaxseed meal and oat hulls were used as the source of SDF and IDF, respectively, but this research did not confirm the uniqueness of fiber source in diet and neglected the interactions of different source fibers ( 15 ). The source of DF is not only affect the solubility of DF but also the composition of DF, which also affecting factors for SCFA production and absorption in the hindgut ( 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Finally, short-chain fatty acids in fresh ileal digesta, fecal sample and production in vitro were applied to calculate the amount and proportion of SCFA absorbed in the hindgut ( 14 ). Notwithstanding, the effect of DF solubility on the SCFA production and absorption in the hindgut had been investigated in the previous research ( 15 ), but the interference of other sources of DF and the interactions between the different sources of DF were neglected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of Dietary Fiber Affect the SCFA Production and Absorption in the Hindgut of Growing Pigs

et al. 2022

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Effects of different dietary fiber (DF) sources on short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production and absorption in the hindgut of growing pigs were studied by an in vivo–vitro (ileal cannulated pigs and fecal inoculum-based fermentation) method. Thirty-six cannulated pigs (body weight: 48.5 ± 2.1 kg) were randomly allocated to 6 treatments containing the same DF content (16.5%), with either wheat bran (WB), corn bran (CB), sugar beet pulp (SBP), oat bran (OB), soybean hulls (SH), or rice bran (RB) as DF sources. Pigs were allowed 15 days for diet adaptation, and then, fresh ileal digesta and feces were collected to determine SCFA concentration which was normalized for food dry matter intake (DMI) and the hindgut DF fermentability. Fecal microbiota was inoculated into the freeze-dried ileal digesta samples to predict the ability of SCFA production and absorption in the hindgut by in vitro fermentation. The SH group had the largest concentration of total SCFA and propionate in ileal digesta and fecal samples of growing pigs (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, the predicted acetate, total SCFA production, absorption in the SBP group were the highest (p < 0.01), but the lowest in the OB group (p < 0.01) among all groups. Even SBP and OB group had a similar ratio of soluble DF (SDF) to insoluble DF (IDF). The CB group had high determined ileal and fecal butyrate concentration but the lowest butyrate production and absorption in the hindgut (p < 0.01). Overall, the source of DF had a great impact on the hindgut SCFA production and absorption, and SBP fiber had a great potential to increase hindgut SCFA production and absorption.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of Dietary Fiber Affect the SCFA Production and Absorption in the Hindgut of Growing Pigs

et al. 2022

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“…The diets in the present study were powdered feed with a diameter of about 1.5–2 mm mainly composed of corn and soybean meal, which resulted in poor digestibility, allowing a great number of nutrients that were not fully digested in the foregut to enter the post-gut for fermentation. Few endogenous digestive enzymes are in the hindgut of monogastric animals, so nutrient digestion here mainly depends on the fermentation of microorganisms [ 21 ]. Nitrogen is an essential substrate for microbial growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compromised Hindgut Microbial Digestion, Rather Than Chemical Digestion in the Foregut, Leads to Decreased Nutrient Digestibility in Pigs Fed Low-Protein Diets

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Background: Reduced nutrient digestibility due to low-protein (LP) diets occurring in the foregut or hindgut of pigs remains unclear. Methods: Growing barrows (21.7 ± 1.7 kg) were allotted into LP and high-protein (HP) diet treatments. Ileal digesta and feces were collected for in vitro cross-fermentation and microbial sequencing, and cross-feeding assessed nutrient digestibility. Results: No difference in foregut digesta flora and nutrient digestibility between treatments was observed. LP diet caused decreased total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), gross energy (GE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) compared with the HP diet (p < 0.05). The fermentation broth from LP diet-fed pigs induced less full fermentation digestion of DM, OM, crude protein, and GE than HP broth (p < 0.05). Additionally, LP broth fermentation presented lower fermentation gas and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) generation than HP group (p < 0.05). This situation above may be related to decreased abundances of Lachnospiraceae, Eubacterium_eligens_group, Roseburia, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-009, which can efficiently ferment nutrients to produce SCFA. Conclusions: Change in the flora caused compromise in hindgut microbial fermentation digestion leads to decreased total tract nutrient digestibility in pigs fed an LP diet.

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“…(2019b) Finishing PF, WB fiber, soybean fiber or Maize fiber 160 d Ileum and cecum Ileal ACE ↓ (WB); Cecal BUT ↑ (WB) Chen et al. (2014) Growing Flaxseed meal (SDF-rich) or oat hulls (IDF-rich) 13 to 16 d Rectum VFA ↑ (Flaxseed meal) Ndou et al. (2019) Growing Cassava residue (SDF-rich) or Brewer's grain (IDF-rich) 27 d Ileum, cecum and colon ACE, PRO, BUT and VFA ↑ (Cassava residue) Ngoc et al.…”

Section: Main Factors Affecting the Utilization Of Dietary Fiber On Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological function and application of dietary fiber in pig nutrition: A review

Yin

Tan

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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Dietary fiber (DF), divided into soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), has attracted increasing attention in the field of pig nutrition. Although DF reduces nutrient digestibility and inhibits energy deposition in most cases, fiber-rich feeds have been widely used in pig diets. This is not only because of lower feed costs, but also from the continuous discovery about the nutritional value of DF, mainly including the improvement of piglet intestinal health and sow reproductive performance. The addition timing has also been further considered, which potentially enables the nutritional value of DF to be accurately used in applicable pig models. Furthermore, fiber degrading enzymes have been shown to alleviate the anti-nutritional effects of DF and have ensured the improvement effect of fiber on intestinal health in young piglet models. However, the regulatory effect of fiber on pork quality is still unclear, which requires consideration of the wide range of fiber sources and the complexity of the basic diet composition, as well as the impact of pig breeds. Taken together, future research needs to gain more insight into the combined effects of SDF and IDF, processing methods, and addition timing to improve the nutritional value of DF, and further explore the physiological functions and regulatory mechanisms of DF fermentation products short-chain fatty acids in pigs.

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Flaxseed meal and oat hulls supplementation: impact on predicted production and absorption of volatile fatty acids and energy from hindgut fermentation in growing pigs1

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Sources of Dietary Fiber Affect the SCFA Production and Absorption in the Hindgut of Growing Pigs

Sources of Dietary Fiber Affect the SCFA Production and Absorption in the Hindgut of Growing Pigs

Compromised Hindgut Microbial Digestion, Rather Than Chemical Digestion in the Foregut, Leads to Decreased Nutrient Digestibility in Pigs Fed Low-Protein Diets

Physiological function and application of dietary fiber in pig nutrition: A review

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