Flaxseed inhibits metastasis and decreases extracellular vascular endothelial growth factor in human breast cancer xenografts

Dabrosin, Charlotta; Chen, Jianmin; Wang, Linda; Thompson, Lilian U.

doi:10.1016/s0304-3835(02)00239-2

Cited by 127 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Flax is reported to be protective against mammary, prostate and colon cancer in animal models. [14][15][16][17]32 The present findings suggest that FIGURE 5 -(a) BRCA1 and (b) p53 mRNA expression and (c) p53 protein expression in the mammary glands of 8-week-old rats whose mothers were exposed to a diet containing cellulose (control), oat flour, whole wheat flour or defatted flaxseed flour during pregnancy. Values represent the mean of 6 rats per group 6 SEM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Maternal dietary exposure to fiber during pregnancy and mammary tumorigenesis among rat offspring

Khan

Foxworth

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maternal diet during pregnancy has been proposed to modify female offspring's later susceptibility to develop breast cancer; however, most of the dietary factors identified thus far have led to increased risk. To identify dietary factors that might reduce offspring's breast cancer risk, pregnant rat dams were fed diets containing 6% fiber originating either from cellulose (control), or oat, whole wheat or defatted flax flour. At birth, dams were switched to the AIN93 semi-purified diet. Mammary tumor incidence and multiplicity, induced by administering the offspring 5 mg 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) at the age of 50 days, was reduced in the whole wheat flour-exposed offspring and increased in the defatted flax-exposed offspring. To identify the mechanisms mediating the effects of in utero dietary exposures, changes in mammary gland morphology and gene expression were assessed before puberty onset (3 weeks of age) and at the time rats are most susceptible to malignant transformation (8 weeks of age). The number of terminal end buds (TEBs), i.e., the targets of malignant transformation, was reduced in the mammary glands of whole wheat-and oat flour-exposed offspring, as compared to the controls. Further, the number of apoptotic epithelial cells (based on ISOL assay) was elevated in the whole wheat flour offspring, but no changes in cell proliferation (PCNA), estrogen receptor a (ERa) or cyclin D1 mRNA or protein levels were seen. The mRNA and/or protein levels of BRCA1 and p53 were significantly increased in the mammary glands of whole wheat flour offspring. Further, the levels of 8-hydroxy-2 0 -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of DNA damage, were significantly reduced in these rats, suggesting that maternal dietary exposure to whole wheat during pregnancy may reduce offspring's breast cancer risk by improving DNA damage repair mechanisms. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…[12][13][14][15] Fiber originating from flaxseed also has been associated with reduced carcinogenesis. 16,17 In contrast, oat bran consistently enhances or has no effect on carcinogenesis. 12 Aside from the different types of fiber investigated, these studies varied in the dietary fiber exposure age and length.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal dietary exposure to fiber during pregnancy and mammary tumorigenesis among rat offspring

Khan

Foxworth

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A study done in rats showed that exposure of 10% flaxseed (SDG-rich plant seeds) or the equivalent SDG levels during suckling suppressed chemical carcinogen 7, 12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumorigenesis [16]. In addition, in vitro cell culture studies demonstrated that enterolactone and/or enterodiol reduce growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing lignan biosynthesis by over‐expressing pinoresinol lariciresinol reductase in transgenic wheat

Ayella

Trick

Wang³

2007

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abbreviations: HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; MS, mass spectrum; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PLR, pinoresinol lariciresinol reductase; SDG, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside; Ubi, ubiquitin. were found to be 2.2-times higher in one of the three positive transgenic sub-lines at TB 2 B than that in the wild-type (117.9 ± 4.5 vs. 52.9 ± 19.8 µg/g, p < 0.005). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that elevated lignan levels in a transgenic wheat line has been successfully achieved through genetic engineering of over-expressed PLR gene. Although future studies are needed for a stably expression and more efficient transformants, the new wheat line with significantly higher SDG contents obtained from this study may have potential application in providing additive health benefits for cancer prevention.

show abstract

“…For both tissues, this concentration is in the range of 0.5 -1.5 pM (Dabrosin et al, 2002(Dabrosin et al, , 2003Hoffner et al, 2003), or 23 -68 pg ml À1 interstitial space, or 1.6 -4.8 pg ml À1 tissue (skeletal muscle), 13.3 -39.4 pg ml À1 tissue (breast tumour). Note that the extracellular concentration is similar to the plasma concentration ( Figure 3A), suggesting that plasma VEGF and interstitial VEGF are close to being at equilibrium as VEGF moves across the endothelial barrier of the vasculature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Where is VEGF in the body? A meta-analysis of VEGF distribution in cancer

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major target for the inhibition of tumour vascularisation and the treatment of human cancer. Many tumours produce large quantities of VEGF, and as a result, diagnosis and prognosis of cancer may be predicted by measuring changes in VEGF concentrations in blood. In blood, the VEGF may be located in the plasma, or in the blood-borne cells and formed elements, in particular, platelets and leukocytes. In this study, we collate the measurements of VEGF in platelets, leukocytes, plasma and serum for breast, prostate, colorectal and other cancers. In addition, we analysed the concentration of VEGF in tumour tissue itself, as well as for other tissues in the human body. Although the concentration of VEGF in tumours is high, the size of tumours is small compared to other tissues, in particular, skeletal muscle. Thus, the total quantity of VEGF in tumours and in blood is small compared to the quantity in muscles. This large reservoir of VEGF may have important implications for the treatment of cancer.

show abstract

Flaxseed inhibits metastasis and decreases extracellular vascular endothelial growth factor in human breast cancer xenografts

Cited by 127 publications

References 33 publications

Maternal dietary exposure to fiber during pregnancy and mammary tumorigenesis among rat offspring

Maternal dietary exposure to fiber during pregnancy and mammary tumorigenesis among rat offspring

Enhancing lignan biosynthesis by over‐expressing pinoresinol lariciresinol reductase in transgenic wheat

Where is VEGF in the body? A meta-analysis of VEGF distribution in cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About