Flavouring Group Evaluation 26: Amino acids from chemical group 34

doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2006.373

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) of EFSA delivered an opinion on the safety of L-cystine as food flavouring in 2010 (EFSA AFC Panel, 2010).…”

Section: Additional Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of l‐cystine produced using Pantoea ananatis strain NITE BP‐02525 for all animal species

Additives¹,

Bampidis²,

Azimonti³

et al. 2020

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on l‐cystine produced using Pantoea ananatis NITE BP‐02525 when used as a nutritional additive (amino acid) or as a sensory additive (flavouring compound) in feed and water for drinking for all animal species. l‐Cystine is a dispensable sulfur‐containing amino acid, naturally occurring in proteins of plants and animals. The amino acid l‐cystine produced by fermentation with P. ananatis NITE BP‐02525 is safe for all animal species, if the requirements for sulfur‐containing amino acids are respected. The maximum amount of l‐cystine that can be safely added to the diet will depend on the levels of other sulfur amino acids. This conclusion would also cover its use as a sensory additive. The use of l‐cystine produced by fermentation with P. ananatis NITE BP‐02525 in animal nutrition raises no safety concerns to consumers of animal products. The additive under assessment is considered slightly irritating by inhalation, not irritating to the skin or eyes and is not a skin sensitiser. There is no risk for persons handling the additive from the exposure to endotoxins by inhalation. The use of the l‐cystine produced by fermentation with P. ananatis NITE BP‐02525 as a feed additive does not represent a risk to the environment. l‐Cystine is considered efficacious in partially meeting the requirements of sulfur‐containing amino acids in all animal species. For the supplemental l‐cystine to be as efficacious in ruminants as in non‐ruminant species, it would require protection against degradation in the rumen. It is also considered efficacious as a feed flavouring compound under the proposed conditions of use.

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Section: Additional Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of l‐cystine produced using Pantoea ananatis strain NITE BP‐02525 for all animal species

Additives¹,

Bampidis²,

Azimonti³

et al. 2020

EFS2

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“…The Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) issued two opinions related to threonine in the frame of the Flavouring Group Evaluation 26: amino acids from chemical group 34 (EFSA AFC Panel, 2006;EFSA, 2008a).…”

Section: Additional Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of l‐threonine produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli CGMCC 11473 for all animal species

Additives¹,

Rychen²,

Aquilina³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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The product subject of this assessment is L-threonine produced by fermentation with a genetically modified strain of Escherichia coli (CGMCC 11473). It is intended to be used in feed and water for drinking for all animal species and categories. It was not possible to characterise the genetic modification with the information provided. Uncertainty remained on the possible presence of cells from the production strain and their recombinant DNA in the product. Therefore, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) could not conclude on the safety of the product L-threonine, produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli CGMCC 11473 for the target species, consumers and the environment. The FEEDAP Panel has concerns on the safety of the simultaneous oral administration of threonine containing additives via water for drinking and feed. In the absence of data, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the potential of the additive to be an irritant for skin and eyes or to be a skin sensitiser. There is a risk from the exposure by inhalation to endotoxins for persons handling the additive. The product under assessment is considered an efficacious source of the amino acid L-threonine for all animal species. For L-threonine to be as efficacious in ruminants as in non-ruminant species, it requires protection against degradation in the rumen. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and no modifications or adaptations are made.The EFSA Journal is a publication of the European Food Safety Authority, an agency of the European Union. SummaryFollowing a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on L-threonine produced by fermentation using the genetically modified strain Escherichia coli CGMCC 11473 for all animal species.The approach followed by the FEEDAP Panel to assess the safety and the efficacy of L-threonine was in line with the principles laid down in Regulation (EC) No 429/2008 and the relevant EFSA guidance documents. The FEEDAP Panel used the data provided by the applicant together with data from other sources, such as previous risk assessments by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) or other expert bodies, peer-reviewed scientific papers, other scientific reports and experts' knowledge, to deliver the present output.The characterisation of the genetic modification could not be drawn from the information provided. Uncertainty remained on the possible presence of cells from the production strain and their recombinant DNA in the product. Therefore, the FEEDAP Panel could not conclude on the safety of the product L-Threonine, produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli CGMCC 11473 for the target species, consumers and the environment.The FEEDAP Panel had concerns on the safety of the simultaneous oral a...

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Safety and efficacy of l‐lysine monohydrochloride and concentrated liquid l‐lysine (base) produced by fermentation using Corynebacterium glutamicum strain NRRL B‐50775 for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by ADM

Azimonti¹,

Bampidis²,

Bastos³

et al. 2019

EFS2

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The European Commission asked EFSA for an opinion on the safety for the target animals, consumer, user and the environment and on the efficacy of a l‐lysine monohydrochloride (HCl, minimum 98.5%) and of a concentrated liquid l‐lysine (base, minimum 50%) produced by genetically modified strains of Corynebacterium glutamicum (NRRL‐B‐67439 or NRRL B‐67535). They are intended to be used in feed or water for drinking for all animal species and categories. Neither viable cells of the production strains C. glutamicum strains NRRLB‐67439 or NRRL B‐67535; nor their recombinant DNA were detected in the final products. Therefore, those products do not pose any safety concern associated with the genetic modification of the production strains. l‐Lysine HCl and concentrated liquid l‐lysine (base) produced by C. glutamicum strains NRRLB‐67439 or NRRL B‐67535 are considered safe for the target species, for the consumer and for the environment. l‐Lysine HCl produced by C. glutamicum strains NRRL B‐67439 or NRRL B‐67535 is considered not irritant to skin or eyes and not a skin sensitiser. In the absence of data, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the potential toxicity by inhalation of l‐lysine HCl produced by C. glutamicum strains NRRL B‐67439 or NRRL B‐67535. Concentrated liquid l‐lysine (base) produced by C. glutamicum strains NRRL B‐67439 or NRRL B‐67535, due to its high pH (10.7 and 10.9, respectively) is anticipated to be corrosive to skin and eyes and poses a risk by inhalation. l‐Lysine HCl and concentrated liquid l‐lysine (base) produced by C. glutamicum strains NRRLB‐67439 or NRRL B‐67535 are considered as efficacious sources of the essential amino acid l‐lysine for non‐ruminant animal species. For the supplemental l‐lysine to be as efficacious in ruminants as in non‐ruminant species, it would require protection against degradation in the rumen.

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Flavouring Group Evaluation 26: Amino acids from chemical group 34

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Safety and efficacy of l‐cystine produced using Pantoea ananatis strain NITE BP‐02525 for all animal species

Safety and efficacy of l‐cystine produced using Pantoea ananatis strain NITE BP‐02525 for all animal species

Safety and efficacy of l‐threonine produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli CGMCC 11473 for all animal species

Safety and efficacy of l‐lysine monohydrochloride and concentrated liquid l‐lysine (base) produced by fermentation using Corynebacterium glutamicum strain NRRL B‐50775 for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by ADM

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