Flavor preference conditioning by oral self-administration of ethanol

Cunningham, Christopher L.; Niehus, Jill S.

doi:10.1007/s002130050452

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(51 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The answer may be that drinking is simply more sensitive to post-absorptive aversive drug effects than to rewarding drug effects. Although the literature offers examples of flavor preferences induced by pairing with self-administered ethanol (e.g., Ackroff & Sclafani, 2001; Cunningham & Niehus, 1997; Mehiel & Bolles, 1984), the doses of ethanol consumed have typically been low and questions remain about whether BECs were sufficient to produce rewarding effects. In contrast, the literature yields many more examples where flavor aversions have resulted from pairing flavors with ethanol doses similar to those used here (e.g., Broadbent et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic relationship between ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and other ethanol phenotypes in 15 inbred mouse strains.

Cunningham

2014

Behavioral Neuroscience

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The genetic relationships between different behaviors used to index the rewarding or reinforcing effects of alcohol are poorly understood. To address this issue, ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) was tested in a genetically diverse panel of inbred mouse strains and strain means from this study and other inbred strain studies were used to examine the genetic correlation between CPP and several ethanol-related phenotypes, including activity measures recorded during CPP training and testing. Mice from each strain were exposed to a well-characterized unbiased place conditioning procedure using ethanol doses of 2 or 4 g/kg; an additional group from each strain was exposed to saline alone on all trials. Genotype had a significant effect on CPP, basal locomotor activity, ethanol-stimulated activity and the effect of repeated ethanol exposure on activity. Correlational analyses showed significant negative genetic correlations between CPP and sweetened ethanol intake and between CPP and test session activity, as well as a significant positive genetic correlation between CPP and chronic ethanol withdrawal severity. Moreover, there was a trend toward a positive genetic correlation between CPP and ethanol-induced conditioned taste aversion. These genetic correlations suggest overlap in the genetic mechanisms underlying CPP and each of these traits. The patterns of genetic relationships suggest a greater impact of ethanol’s aversive effects on drinking and a greater impact of ethanol’s rewarding effects on CPP. Overall, these data support the idea that genotype influences ethanol’s rewarding effect, a factor that may contribute importantly to addictive vulnerability.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic relationship between ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and other ethanol phenotypes in 15 inbred mouse strains.

Cunningham

2014

Behavioral Neuroscience

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The finding that ethanol conditioned a taste preference is nevertheless an important addition to the literature because ethanol typically yields a conditioned aversion in flavor conditioning tasks [3; but see 68, 69]. Whether a kappa antagonist converts aversive effects of ethanol into appetitive effects probably depends on the dose of ethanol in relation to the animal’s age and strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early role of the κ opioid receptor in ethanol-induced reinforcement

Pautassi¹,

Nizhnikov²,

Acevedo³

et al. 2012

Physiology & Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of early ethanol exposure on later ethanol intake emphasize the importance of understanding the neurobiology of ethanol-induced reinforcement early in life. Infant rats exhibit ethanol-induced appetitive conditioning and ethanol-induced locomotor activation, which have been linked in theory and may have mechanisms in common. The appetitive effects of ethanol are significantly modulated by μ and δ opioid receptors, whereas μ but not δ receptors are involved in the motor stimulant effects of ethanol during early development. The involvement of the κ opioid receptor (KOR) system in the motivational effects of ethanol has been much less explored. The present study assessed, in preweanling (infant) rats, the modulatory role of the KOR system in several paradigms sensitive to ethanol-induced reinforcement. Kappa opioid activation and blockade was examined in second-order conditioned place preference with varied timing before conditioning and with varied ethanol doses. The role of KOR on ethanol-induced locomotion and ethanol-induced taste conditioning was also explored. The experiments were based on the assumption that ethanol concurrently induces appetitive and aversive effects and that the latter may be mediated by activation of kappa receptors. The main result was that blockade of kappa function facilitated the expression of appetitive ethanol reinforcement in terms of tactile and taste conditioning. The effects of kappa activation on ethanol conditioning seemed to be independent from ethanol's stimulant effects. Kappa opioid activation potentiated the motor depressing effects of ethanol but enhanced motor activity in control subjects. Overall, the results support the hypothesis that a reduced function of the KOR system in nondependent subjects should attenuate the aversive consequences of ethanol.

show abstract

“…Flavorant solution parameters were modeled after Cunningham and Niehus (1997). Imitation almond extract and banana flavoring flavorants were obtained from Farmer Brothers Coffee Company (Torrence, CA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Alcohol Drinking Reduces the Efficacy of Forced Abstinence and Conditioned Taste Aversion in Crossed High-Alcohol-Preferring Mice

O’Tousa

Grahame

2016

Alcohol Clin Exp Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Negative outcomes of alcoholism are progressively more severe as the duration of problem alcohol use increases. Additionally, alcoholics demonstrate tendencies to neglect negative consequences associated with drinking and/or to choose to drink in the immediate presence of warning factors against drinking. The recently derived crossed High-Alcohol Preferring (cHAP) mice, which volitionally drink to heavier intoxication (as assessed by BEC) than other alcohol-preferring populations, as well as spontaneously escalating their intake, may be a candidate to explore mechanisms underlying long-term excessive drinking. Here we hypothesized that an extended drinking history would reduce the ability of two manipulations (forced abstinence and conditioned taste aversion) to attenuate drinking. Methods Experiment 1 examined differences between groups drinking for either 14 or 35 days, half of each subjected to 7 days of forced abstinence and half not, to characterize potential changes in post-abstinence drinking resulting from an extended drinking history. Experiment 2 used a conditioned taste aversion procedure to assess stimulus specificity of the ability of an aversive flavorant to decrease alcohol consumption. Experiment 3 used this taste aversion procedure to assess differences among groups drinking for 1, 14, or 35 days in their propensity to overcome this aversion when the flavorant was mixed with either ethanol or water. Results Experiment 1 demonstrated that although forced abstinence decreased alcohol consumption in mice with a 14-day drinking history, it failed to do so in mice drinking alcohol for 35 days. Experiment 2 showed that the addition of a flavorant only suppressed alcohol drinking if an aversion to the flavorant was previously established. Experiment 3 demonstrated that an extended drinking history expedited extinction of suppressed alcohol intake caused by a conditioned aversive flavor. Conclusions These data show that a history of long-term drinking in cHAP mice attenuates the efficacy of interventions that normally reduce drinking. Analogous to alcoholics who may encounter difficulties in limiting their intake, cHAP mice with long drinking histories are relatively insensitive both to abstinence and signals of harmful consequences. We propose that the cHAP line may be a valid model for adaptations that occur following extended heavy alcohol drinking.

show abstract

Flavor preference conditioning by oral self-administration of ethanol

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Genetic relationship between ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and other ethanol phenotypes in 15 inbred mouse strains.

Genetic relationship between ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and other ethanol phenotypes in 15 inbred mouse strains.

Early role of the κ opioid receptor in ethanol-induced reinforcement

Long-Term Alcohol Drinking Reduces the Efficacy of Forced Abstinence and Conditioned Taste Aversion in Crossed High-Alcohol-Preferring Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About