Flavor aversion learning induced by lithium chloride in reptiles but not in amphibians

Paradis, Sébastien; Cabanac, Michel

doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2004.01.014

Cited by 43 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Another report suggests that conditioned taste aversion is similarly absent in amphibians and present in amniotes [Paradis and Cabanac, 2004]. Because the amygdala participates in emotional learning in mammals, the above observations suggest that the advent of the basolateral amygdaloid complex and its reptilian equivalent brought genuine innovations to vertebrate emotional behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evolution of the Amygdala: New Insights from Studies in Amphibians

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The histology of amphibian brains gives an impression of relative simplicity when compared with that of reptiles or mammals. The amphibian telencephalon is small and contains comparatively few and large neurons, which in most parts constitute a dense periventricular cellular layer. However, the view emerging from the last decade is that the brains of all tetrapods, including amphibians, share a general bauplan resulting from common ancestry and the need to perform similar vital functions. To what extent this common organization also applies to higher brain functions is unknown due to a limited knowledge of the neurobiology of early vertebrates. The amygdala is widely recognized as a brain center critical for basic forms of emotional learning (e.g., fear conditioning) and its structure in amphibians could suggest how this capacity evolved. A functional systems approach is used here to synthesize the results of our anatomical investigations of the amphibian amygdala. It is proposed that the connectivity of the amphibian telencephalon portends a capacity for multi-modal association in a limbic system largely similar to that of amniote vertebrates. One remarkable exception is the presence of new sensory-associative regions of the amygdala in amniotes: the posterior dorsal ventricular ridge plus lateral nuclei in reptiles and the basolateral complex in mammals. These presumably homologous regions apparently are capable of modulating the phylogenetically older central amygdala and allow more complex forms of emotional learning.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evolution of the Amygdala: New Insights from Studies in Amphibians

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is the first direct proof, to our knowledge, of its effectiveness as a method for controlling seabird egg predation by rats – a necessary step given the species-specificity of the method [64]. While reptiles and raccoons have been shown to have long-lasting aversive responses (up to 7 months [63,64]; respectively), conditioning on rats was only proven in the laboratory and over fairly short periods (up to 3 days [56,65,66]). Our data show, however, that after several weeks of conditioning, taste aversion provided protection to artificial colonies for at least two additional weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rats and Seabirds: Effects of Egg Size on Predation Risk and the Potential of Conditioned Taste Aversion as a Mitigation Method

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seabirds nesting on islands are threatened by invasive rodents, such as mice and rats, which may attack eggs, chicks and even adults. The low feasibility of rat eradications on many islands makes the development of alternate control plans necessary. We used a combination of field experiments on a Mediterranean island invaded by black rats ( Rattus rattus ) to evaluate (1) the predation risk posed to different-sized seabird eggs and (2), the potential of two deterrent methods (electronic and chemical) to reduce its impact. Rats were able to consume eggs of all sizes (12 to 68 g), but survival increased 13 times from the smallest to the largest eggs (which also had more resistant eggshells). Extrapolation to seabird eggs suggests that the smallest species ( Hydrobates pelagicus ) suffer the most severe predation risk, but even the largest ( Larus michahellis ) could suffer >60% mortality. Nest attack was not reduced by the deterrents. However, chemical deterrence (conditioned taste aversion by lithium chloride) slowed the increase in predation rate over time, which resulted in a three-fold increase in egg survival to predation as compared to both control and electronic deterrence. At the end of the experimental period, this effect was confirmed by a treatment swap, which showed that conferred protection remains at least 15 days after cessation of the treatment. Results indicate that small seabird species are likely to suffer severe rates of nest predation by rats and that conditioned taste aversion, but not electronic repellents, may represent a suitable method to protect colonies when eradication or control is not feasible or cost-effective.

show abstract

“…This ability to learn to avoid potentially toxic foods has been demonstrated in numerous animal species, from invertebrate to humans (for a review, see Bernstein, 1999;Paradis and Cabanac, 2004). Indeed, food aversion has been described in a variety of mammals, in addition to humans (Garcia et al, 1974; Bellisle, 1999;Ravasco, 2005; Bellisle, 2006) or rats (Yasoshima et al, 2000;Ferreira, 2004), and in livestock species such as horses, sheep and cattle (Houpt et al, 1990;Burritt and Provenza, 1996;Halaweish et al, 2002;Ginane and Dumont, 2006;Pfister et al, 2007), and also in birds (Skelhorn and Rowe, 2006;Halpin et al, 2008;Skelhorn et al, 2008) and reptile species (Terrick et al, 1995;Paradis and Cabanac, 2004). Experimentally induced food aversions are frequently conducted by an intragastric or an intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride, an emetic substance known to induce visceral malaise.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Food preferences and aversions in human health and nutrition: how can pigs help the biomedical research?

Clouard

Meunier-Salaün

Val‐Laillet

2012

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The establishment of food preferences and aversions determines the modulation of eating behaviour and the optimization of food intake. These phenomena rely on the learning and memory abilities of the organism and depend on different psychobiological mechanisms such as associative conditionings and sociocultural influences. After summarizing the various behavioural and environmental determinants of the establishment of food preferences and aversions, this paper describes several issues encountered in human nutrition when preferences and aversions become detrimental to health: development of eating disorders and obesity, aversions and anorexia in chemotherapy-treated or elderly patients and poor palatability of medical substances and drugs. Most of the relevant biomedical research has been performed in rodent models, although this approach has severe limitations, especially in the nutritional field. Consequently, the final aim of this paper is to discuss the use of the pig model to investigate the behavioural and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the establishment of food preferences and aversions by reviewing the literature supporting analogies at multiple levels (general physiology and anatomy, sensory sensitivity, digestive function, cognitive abilities, brain features) between pigs and humans.Keywords: pig, conditioned learning, eating behaviour, animal model, biomedical applications ImplicationsInvestigation of the behavioural and neurophysiological mechanisms of the establishment of food preferences and aversions can lead to important developments in the context of human nutrition and health. Because the rodent models are not always adequate in this field, there is a need to develop alternative experimental models. Pigs have numerous similarities with humans in terms of the physiology, anatomy, sensory sensitivity, cognitive abilities and brain functions. The aim of this paper is to promote the use of pigs for biomedical research in human nutrition. IntroductionFeeding is a complex behaviour, which can be described as 'the research and consumption of food and drink to maintain vital functions ' (Bellisle, 1999) and to 'fulfil the metabolic needs of the organism ' (Ferreira, 2004). Today, it is also well acknowledged that a high proportion of human food consumption in developed countries appears to be driven by pleasure (for a review, see Lowe and Butryn, 2007) and sociocultural influences. Food consumption is also involved in fundamental metabolic homeostasis regulation, as it controls the supply of energy and nutrients in the organism (Bellisle, 1999). According to Ferreira (2004), feeding behaviour implies that animals learn to consume high-energy foods and to avoid toxic foods. Establishment of food selection implies that, during its first experience with food, the organism memorizes the sensorial characteristics of the food (e.g. taste, odour, texture and visual cues) and the postingestive consequences of its ingestion, and associates these food characteristics with these consequences (Garcia et ...

show abstract

Flavor aversion learning induced by lithium chloride in reptiles but not in amphibians

Cited by 43 publications

References 40 publications

Evolution of the Amygdala: New Insights from Studies in Amphibians

Evolution of the Amygdala: New Insights from Studies in Amphibians

Rats and Seabirds: Effects of Egg Size on Predation Risk and the Potential of Conditioned Taste Aversion as a Mitigation Method

Food preferences and aversions in human health and nutrition: how can pigs help the biomedical research?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About