Flavor and flatulence factors in soybean protein products

Rackis, J. J.; Honig, David J.; Sessa, David J.; Steggerda, F. R.

doi:10.1021/jf60172a026

Cited by 105 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Of those 14 components identified in CSPI, the following seven compounds, hexanal, ethyl acetate, pentanal, 2-pentyl furan, ethyl caprylate, 2-heptanone, and 1-octen-3-ol were the main volatiles from the point of view of their content; all of them having been reported as the lipoxygenase catalyzed oxidation products of polyunsaturated fatty acids (MacLeod & Ames, 1988;Rackis, Honig, Sessa, & Steggerda, 1970;Sessa, 1979;Wolf, 1975). The other seven compounds, 3-octen-2-one, ethyl decylate, 1-hexanol, benzaldehyde, cyclohexanone, 1-pentanol, 1-decanol and other minor components were also reported to be present in soy extract.…”

Section: Off-flavor Volatiles In Soy Protein Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of soy protein isolate prepared from aqueous alcohol washed soy flakes

Hua

Huang

Ai-yong

et al. 2005

Food Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Off-flavor Volatiles In Soy Protein Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of soy protein isolate prepared from aqueous alcohol washed soy flakes

Hua

Huang

Ai-yong

et al. 2005

Food Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…On the other hand, some phenolic acids may have flatulence inhibiting properties. Rackis et al (1970) reported that phenolic acids such as syringic and ferulic inhibited flatulence from soybean meals in both in-vitro and in-vivo studies.…”

Section: Nutritional Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Acids and Tannins in Rapeseed and Canola

Kozłowska¹,

Naczk²,

Shahidi³

et al. 1990

Canola and Rapeseed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Their primary role is thought to be reserve carbohydrates for short-and long-term purposes and for transport (Chatterton et al, 1990, Dini et al, 1989, Pharr and Sox, 1984, and protection of plants against cold and seeds against desiccation (Kandler and Hopf, 1980;Saravitz et al, 1987). Nevertheless, the RO have been implicated as causative factors for flatulence after ingestion of food containing soybean meals (Rackis et al, 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean seed galactinol synthase activity as determined by a novel colorimetric assay

Ribeiro

Félix

Lozzi

2000

Rev. Bras. Fisiol. Veg.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Galactinol synthase (GS) is a key enzyme for the biosynthesis of raffinose oligosaccharides (RO) which are the flatulence factors present in soybean seeds and several other legumes. Understanding of soybean seed GS properties is, therefore, of biotechnological interest. The GS enzyme catalyses formation of galactinol and UDP from UDP-gal and myo-inositol. This enzyme is currently assayed by an isotopic method. We have then idealized a more convenient method for GS assay based on the indirect colorimetric determination of the UDP formed which is then hydrolyzed by exogenous apyrase and the resulting Pi quantified by a modification of the colorimetric method of Fiske & SubbaRow. The color developed is stable, and the method is suitable for detection of very low GS activity.The GS activity profiles of developing soybean seeds determined by the isotopic and the colorimetric methods are closely related. The GS enzyme was partially purified (46-fold) by treatment of seed extract with MnCl 2 , sequential chromatographies on DEAE-Sepharose, Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B and Q-Sepharose columns. The crude and the partially purified enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 7.0 and 50 ºC. Dithiothreitol and MnCl 2 enhanced considerably the activity of the partially purified enzyme. While UDP-glc could be hydrolyzed by the enzyme at a reative activity corresponding to 49% of that calculated for UDP-gal, UDP-man and sucrose were completely ineffective as alternative substrates. ADDITIONAL INDEX TERMS:Flatulence, galactinol synthase, colorimetric assay, raffinose oligosaccharides. ABBREVIATIONS -GS ATIVIDADE DE GALACTINOL SINTASE DE SEMENTE DE SOJA DETERMINADA POR UM NOVO ENSAIO CALORIMÉTRICORESUMO -Galactinol sintase (GS) é a enzima-chave para a biossíntese de oligosacarídeos de rafinose (RO), que são os fatores antinutricionais causadores de flatulência, os quais estão presentes em sementes de soja e em outros legumes. A GS catalisa a formação de galactinol e UDP a partir de UDP-gal e A atividade dessa enzima é determinada atualmente pelo método radioisotópico que, apesar de adequado tecnicamente, apresenta vários inconvenientes, tais como a necessidade de substrato de alto custo, bem como de cuidados adicionais e serviços especializados para descarte dos resíduos radioativos. Assim, desenvolveu-se um método colorimétrico alternativo ao método radioisotópico, baseado na determinação colorimétrica indireta do UDP formado pela hidrólise enzimática (apirase) desse nucleotídeo e determinação do Pi resultante pelo método de Fiske & SubbaRow, com modificações. A cor desenvolvida é estável e o método é sensível para detecção de quantidades nanomolares de Pi.Os perfis de atividade da GS em sementes de soja em diferentes fases de desenvolvimento, determinados pelos métodos colorimétrico e radioisotópico, são semelhantes. Adicionalmente, a GS de sementes de soja foi purificada (46-vezes) por tratamento do extrato das sementes com MnCl 2 , e uma seqüência de cromatografias em colunas de DEAE-Sepharose, Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B e Q-Sepha...

show abstract

Flavor and flatulence factors in soybean protein products

Abstract: Extracting 99.8% of the oil from full-fat soybean flakes with pentane-hexane removed little, if any, of the beany, bitter, green flavors. Further extraction of defatted flakes with aqueous ethanol solutions

Cited by 105 publications

References 16 publications

Properties of soy protein isolate prepared from aqueous alcohol washed soy flakes

Properties of soy protein isolate prepared from aqueous alcohol washed soy flakes

Phenolic Acids and Tannins in Rapeseed and Canola

Soybean seed galactinol synthase activity as determined by a novel colorimetric assay

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About