Flavonoids-Rich Plant Extracts Against Helicobacter pylori Infection as Prevention to Gastric Cancer

Abstract

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common and fourth type to cause the highest mortality rates worldwide. The leading cause is related to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Unfortunately, current treatments have low success rates, highlighting the need for alternative treatments against carcinogenic agents, specifically H. pylori. Noteworthy, natural origin products contain pharmacologically active metabolites such as flavonoids, with potential antimicrobial applications.Objective: This article overviews flavonoid-rich extracts’ biological and pharmacological activities. It focuses on using these substances against Helicobacter pylori infection to prevent gastric cancer. For this, PubMed and Science Direct databases were searched for studies that reported the activity of flavonoids against H. pylori, published within a 10-year time frame (2010 to August 2020). It resulted in 1,773 publications, of which 44 were selected according to the search criteria. The plant family primarily found in publications was Fabaceae (9.61%). Among the flavonoids identified after extraction, the most prevalent were quercetin (19.61%), catechin (13.72), epicatechin (11.76), and rutin (11.76). The potential mechanisms associated with anti-H. pylori activity to the extracts were: inhibition of urease, damage to genetic material, inhibition of protein synthesis, and adhesion of the microorganism to host cells.Conclusion: Plant extracts rich in flavonoids with anti-H. pylori potential proved to be a promising alternative therapy source, reinforcing the relevance of studies with natural products.

Ellagitannins from Castanea sativa Mill. Leaf Extracts Impair H. pylori Viability and Infection-Induced Inflammation in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells

“…Other polyphenols, whose presence has been documented in Castanea sativa Mill. leaves, such as gallotannins or flavonol-derivatives [ 23 , 24 ], have previously been reported for anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties at the gastric level [ 14 , 49 ]. In summary, our work attributed a relevant role to ellagitannins in the impairment of H. pylori viability and infection-induced inflammation in human gastric epithelial cells.…”

Correlation between Chemical Profile of Georgian Propolis Extracts and Their Activity against Helicobacter pylori

“…Usually, H. pylori is contracted in childhood, and oral–oral or oral–fecal routes are the most likely ways of transmission of bacteria between individuals. Children become healthy carriers of the pathogen and may not have any symptoms of infection, or it can occur during adulthood [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Phytochemical Profiles and Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Populus spp. Bud Extracts

“…Antibacterial agents of poplar buds may attack the cell barrier, disrupt metabolism, inhibit energy production, and cause oxidative stress in bacterial cells. The anti- Helicobacter effect of flavonoids was documented [ 47 ]. Krzyżek et al [ 48 ] proved that myricetin slows the process of transformation into coccoid forms, reduces biofilm formation of H. pylori , and exhibits additive effects with clarithromycin and metronidazole.…”