Flavonoids in the Treatment of Diabetes: Clinical Outcomes and Mechanism to Ameliorate Blood Glucose Levels

AL-Duhaidahawi, Dunya; Samer, A. Hasan; Haider, Faiza

doi:10.2174/1573399817666201207200346

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 163 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several potent α-glucosidase inhibitors from plant sources have been identified and have received great attention from the scientific community worldwide as they possess no evident side effects [12,13]. Among them were flavonoids, the most extensively studied compounds as natural antidiabetic agents, associated with a reduction in risk of diabetes in humans, animals and in vitro models [14,15]. Food-derived flavonoids show extremely low toxicity [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids as Human Intestinal α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Barber

Houghton

Williamson

2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Certain flavonoids can influence glucose metabolism by inhibiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion and suppressing intestinal glucose absorption. In this study, four structurally-related flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol, quercetagetin and galangin) were evaluated individually for their ability to inhibit human α-glucosidases (sucrase, maltase and isomaltase), and were compared with the antidiabetic drug acarbose and the flavan-3-ol(−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Cell-free extracts from human intestinal Caco-2/TC7 cells were used as the enzyme source and products were quantified chromatographically with high accuracy, precision and sensitivity. Acarbose inhibited sucrase, maltase and isomaltase with IC50 values of 1.65, 13.9 and 39.1 µM, respectively. A similar inhibition pattern, but with comparatively higher values, was observed with EGCG. Of the flavonols, quercetagetin was the strongest inhibitor of α-glucosidases, with inhibition constants approaching those of acarbose, followed by galangin and kaempferol, while the weakest were quercetin and EGCG. The varied inhibitory effects of flavonols against human α-glucosidases depend on their structures, the enzyme source and substrates employed. The flavonols were more effective than EGCG, but less so than acarbose, and so may be useful in regulating sugar digestion and postprandial glycaemia without the side effects associated with acarbose treatment.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids as Human Intestinal α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Barber

Houghton

Williamson

2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While there are observational studies, such as the one by Gao et al (2021), that demonstrate higher dietary intake of flavonoids from fruits is associated with lower risk of GDM development [28], there is a lack of clinical trials examining the effects of flavonoids on GDM management, not risk. Al Duhaidahawi et al (2021) summarized research in type 2 diabetes and concluded that flavonoids help regulate glucose metabolism directly but has yet to be confirmed in patients already diagnosed with GDM [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an Eating Pattern Including Colorful Fruits and Vegetables on Management of Gestational Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Jaworsky,

DeVillez,

Alexander

et al. 2023

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as abnormal glucose tolerance that presents during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, is a growing issue in the United States and worldwide. If left untreated or poorly controlled, GDM can result in numerous consequences for both the mother and the fetus; thus, it is imperative that different avenues of management for GDM be explored. There is a paucity of studies that examine how lifestyle changes, including dietary and physical activity, affect management of GDM. We examined how counseling on lifestyle changes can affect cardiometabolic risks in women with GDM. We conducted a 12-week randomized controlled trial based on behavioral counseling in which women with GDM (N = 38) were randomized into either a nutrition education (control) (N = 18) group or nutrition intervention (N = 20) group. The nutrition education group were given dietary counseling regarding healthy dietary choices based on USDA guidelines, while the nutrition intervention group were instructed to consume a total of one cup of whole berries and one cup of leafy vegetables daily along with performing postprandial exercise (walking). Blood samples, anthropometric measures, and dietary and physical activity data, recorded in daily food and activity logs, were collected at baseline and at the end of the study and compared between the two groups. Dietary counseling on supplementation with whole berries and leafy vegetables resulted in increased fiber intake, increased antioxidant intake and total serum antioxidant capacity, improved random blood glucose, decreased serum IL-6, and improved HDL cholesterol versus the control group (all p < 0.05). These results highlight that whole berry and leafy vegetable supplementation-based dietary counseling can improve the metabolic pathways involved in gestational diabetes pathogenesis and prognosis. These functional foods must be recommended in the management of pregnancies affected by GDM.

show abstract

“…In addition to antimicrobial and anticancer effects, and a preventive effect regarding cardiovascular diseases, flavonoids have helped to combat diabetes and treat autoimmune diseases. [46][47][48][49][50] Anthocyanins belong to the group of flavonoid compounds. Owing to its excellent stability, anthocyanins in Cruciferae show a high bioaccessibility and bioavailability in the human body.…”

Section: Polyphenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flavonoids have a long research history in terms of their health benefits. In addition to antimicrobial and anticancer effects, and a preventive effect regarding cardiovascular diseases, flavonoids have helped to combat diabetes and treat autoimmune diseases 46‐50 . Anthocyanins belong to the group of flavonoid compounds.…”

Section: Major Nutrients Of Cruciferous Sprouts and Microgreensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive compounds in cruciferous sprouts and microgreens and the effects of sulfur nutrition

Zeng

Yang

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cruciferous sprouts and microgreens are a good source of bioactive compounds for human health as they are rich in glucosinolates, polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamins. Glucosinolates – sulfur‐containing bioactive phytochemicals – have anti‐cancer effects. They mainly exist in cruciferous vegetables. Sulfur is one of the essential elements for plants and is an indispensable component of glucosinolates. This paper summarizes the nutritional value of cruciferous spouts and microgreens, along with the effects of sulfur nutrition on bioactive phytochemical compounds of cruciferous sprouts and microgreens, especially glucosinolates, with the aim of providing information about the dietary effects of cruciferous sprouts and microgreens. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

show abstract

Flavonoids in the Treatment of Diabetes: Clinical Outcomes and Mechanism to Ameliorate Blood Glucose Levels

Cited by 13 publications

References 163 publications

Flavonoids as Human Intestinal α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Flavonoids as Human Intestinal α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Effects of an Eating Pattern Including Colorful Fruits and Vegetables on Management of Gestational Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Bioactive compounds in cruciferous sprouts and microgreens and the effects of sulfur nutrition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About