Flavonoids and Other Polyphenols Act as Epigenetic Modifiers in Breast Cancer

Selvakumar, Priyanga; Badgeley, Aja; Murphy, Paige; Anwar, Hina; Sharma, Urvashi; Lawrence, Katharine; Lakshmikuttyamma, Ashakumary

doi:10.3390/nu12030761

Cited by 113 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…Several studies have demonstrated the action of resveratrol in modulating DNA methylation in several genes involved in cancer (72). In a recent study, resveratrol was shown to restore the hypomethylated and hypermethylated state of key tumor-suppressor and oncogenic genes, respectively (73). In that study, methylation alterations were consistent with changes in mRNA expression.…”

Section: Nutraceuticals and Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Anticancer Effects of Nutraceuticals in the Mediterranean Diet: An Epigenetic Diet Model

Divella

Daniele

Savino

et al. 2020

Cancer Genomics Proteomics

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Epidemiological and clinical studies support the association between nutrition and development or progression of different malignancies such as colon, breast, and prostate cancer, defining these tumors as diet-associated cancer. The Mediterranean diet shows inverse associations with metabolic diseases, cardiovascular pathologies and various types of cancer. Many bioactive nutrients of the Mediterranean diet have been identified as factors protective against these types of pathologies. The epigenome has been identified as the primary goal of modulations in gene expression related to these molecular nutrients. In fact, they can modify the epigenome and can be incorporated into the 'epigenetic diet', which translates into a diet regimen that can be used therapeutically for health or preventative purposes. Most epigenetic changes are influenced by lifestyle and nutrition. Epigenetic therapy is a new area for the development of nutraceuticals whose absence of toxicity can represent a valid asset in cancer prevention strategies. Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of nutrigenomics, nutrigenetics and nutraceuticals have led to the identification of superfoods capable of favorably conditioning gene expression. In this review, we highlight the importance of nutraceuticals present in the Mediterranean diet as epigenetic modifiers both in the mechanisms of tumor onset and as protective agents.

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Section: Nutraceuticals and Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Anticancer Effects of Nutraceuticals in the Mediterranean Diet: An Epigenetic Diet Model

Divella

Daniele

Savino

et al. 2020

Cancer Genomics Proteomics

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“…Hence, research on an alternative approach to treat cancer without side effects is in high demand. Few natural products like flavonoids and polyphenols have better anticancer activity [24]. In silico molecular docking study revealed that rutin has higher binding affinity to both over-expressed ALDH1A3 and ALDH18A1 gene among 12 selected natural compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of human aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) gene expression pattern in breast cancer tissue samples: rutin-copper complex inhibit the breast cancer cell proliferation

Pattar

Mirjankar

Kulkarni³

et al. 2021

Egypt J Med Hum Genet

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Background Higher aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) activity is one of the important signatures of breast cancer appearance and has been associated with poor prognosis. ALDH1A3 has been over-expressed in breast cancer patients. This study aims to analyze gene expression patterns of 18 ALDH isozymes in breast cancer tissue samples. It is carried out using a chip-based microarray, next-generation DNA sequencing of ALDH2 gene following in silico study to identify the natural products which act as inhibitors for over-expressed ALDH isoforms. The synthesis of rutin-copper complex and cell viability assay is carried out on MDA-MB-468 cell line. Results ALDH1A3 and ALDH18A1 have shown the highest positive mean fold of variation; whereas, ALDH2 and ALDH1A2 have shown the highest negative mean fold variation. In silico studies revealed that rutin has the highest binding affinity with both ALDH1A3 and ALDH18A1 and supported with IC50 value of rutin against MDA-MB-468 cells (144.50 μg/ml). Chemically synthesized rutin-copper complex significantly lowered the IC50 value to 119.40 μg/ml. The next-generation sequencing study provides the novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) from T to G in the ALDH2 gene. Conclusion The present study signifies that, along with ALDH1A3, ALDH18A1 also acts as a marker for breast cancer. Apart from that, inhibitors of ALDH1A3 and ALDH18A1 were attained. Perhaps the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) obtained during the mutation analysis may be the probable cause of the highest downregulation of ALDH2 in breast cancer.

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“…It's well-proved that the epigenetic changes, besides genetic alteration, are involved in cancer development. According to recent studies, flavonoid components such as kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin can modify the epigenetic alteration involved in the tumorogenesis process (26,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Effects of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of the Leaf of Elaeagnus angustifolia in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line (HepG2)

Ghanghareh

Zare

2020

Jentashapir J Cell Mol Biol

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Background: Cancer is one of the most complicated diseases with various treatments, which each has its special side effects. So, pharmaceutical companies are intended to develop new drugs with minimum side effects. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity effects and the redox potential of alcoholic extract of Oleaster leaf on liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2). Methods: Oleaster leaves were collected from Qazvin (Iran), and the alcoholic extract of the plant leaves was prepared. HepG2 cells were cultured in DMEM medium and treated with 50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 μg/mL of the extract. The cytotoxicity effect of the extract was evaluated using the MTT and the Neutral Red assays. Redox potential in HepG2 cells was assessed using NO, catalase, and GSH tests. The expression of Bax and bcl-2 genes in HepG2 cells was evaluated for apoptosis analysis. Results: The results showed that the extract could significantly (P < 0.001) reduce the viability of HepG2 cells. Also, the extract significantly increased the amount of released NO, catalase activity, and GSH concentration. RT-PCR results showed that Oleaster leaf extract significantly change the expression of bax and bcl-2. Conclusions: The results showed that the leaves of the Oleaster plant contain compounds with cytotoxicity properties, so it can be considered as a potent candidate for liver cancer treatment.

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Flavonoids and Other Polyphenols Act as Epigenetic Modifiers in Breast Cancer

Cited by 113 publications

References 99 publications

Anticancer Effects of Nutraceuticals in the Mediterranean Diet: An Epigenetic Diet Model

Anticancer Effects of Nutraceuticals in the Mediterranean Diet: An Epigenetic Diet Model

Analysis of human aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) gene expression pattern in breast cancer tissue samples: rutin-copper complex inhibit the breast cancer cell proliferation

Cytotoxic Effects of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of the Leaf of Elaeagnus angustifolia in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line (HepG2)

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