Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds in Needles of<i>Pinus peuce</i>and Other Pine Species from the Macedonian Flora

Karapandzova, Marija; Stefkov, Gjoše; Cvetkovikj, Ivana; Станоева, Јасмина Петреска; Стефова, Марина; Kulevanova, S.

doi:10.1177/1934578x1501000647

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Comparatively, 2 showed a positive Cotton effect at 224 nm (Δ ε + 1.25), which was assigned the absolute configurations as 7′ S and 8′ R [ 25 ]. Compound 3 exhibited pseudomolecular signals with m / z 739 and fragment ions at m / z 593, 485, and 285 in its MS and MS/MS analytical spectra and tentatively identified as kaempferol coumaroyl-glucose-rhamnoside [ 24 ]. Its chemical structure was confirmed as kaempferol 3- O -α-(6‴- p -coumaroylglucosyl-β-1,4-rhamnoside) by comparison of its physical and spectral data with those reported [ 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Vasorelaxant Principles from the Needles of Pinus morrisonicola Hayata

Chen

Lin

et al. 2017

Molecules

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Pinus morrisonicola Hayata, usually called Taiwan five-leaf pine (5LP), is an endemic species in Taiwan and is traditionally used to relieve hypertension symptoms and improve cardiovascular function. In this study, the needle extract of 5LP was fractionated and analyzed by LC/MS/MS to search for possible antihypertensive candidates. In addition, bioassay-guided purification of the bioactive components was performed by Ca2+ fluorescent signal (Fluo 4-AM) assays. Two dihydrobenzofuran lignans, pinumorrisonide A (1) and icariside E4 (2), and one acylated flavonoid glycoside, kaempferol 3-O-α-(6‴-p-coumaroylglucosyl-β-1,4-rhamnoside) (3) were characterized from the active fractions. The structure of a new compound 1 was established on the basis of 2D NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses, and the known compounds 2 and 3 were identified by comparison of their physical and spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. The purified compounds 1–3 exhibited significant inhibition of Ca2+ fluorescence with IC50 values of 0.71, 0.36, and 0.20 mM, respectively. A mechanism study showed that these compounds showed vasorelaxant effects by blocking the voltage-operated Ca2+ channel (VOCC) and inhibiting Ca2+ influx to the cytoplasmic. These results suggested that 5LP and the three characterized components could be promising antihypertensive candidates for the use as VOCC blockers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Vasorelaxant Principles from the Needles of Pinus morrisonicola Hayata

Chen

Lin

et al. 2017

Molecules

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“…The authors concluded that higher concentrations of catechin and taxifolin are due to climatic stress conditions like less rainfall, higher temperatures and longer duration of sun exposure. However, taxifolin was not found in P. nigra, and P. sylvestris needle extracts harvested in Macedonian flora [37]. Quercetin has been identified in extracts obtained with the highest concentration of ethanol (i.e., 50% to 90% (v/v)) having concentration values of 8.5 to 10.9 mg/L.…”

Section: Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents Of Pbementioning

confidence: 89%

Unravelling the Biological Potential of Pinus pinaster Bark Extracts

et al. 2020

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Natural compounds from agro-food by-products have fostered interest in food industries. The aim of this study was to unravel potential uses for Pinus pinaster bark extracts (PBE). As functional features of this type of extracts are usually attributed to phenolic compounds, the extraction process was studied. Different PBEs were achieved, with high content in phenolic compounds, using different water/ethanol combinations as a solvent. These PBEs were chemically characterized, and their bioactivity and in vitro cell viability were evaluated. Extracts obtained with hydroethanolic solvents had higher content in phenolic and flavonoid compounds. All the PBEs presented high antioxidant, antibacterial and antihyperglycemic activities. Moreover, PBEs have low cytotoxicity and a selective activity against cancer cells as these were negatively affected. These features may allow the extracts to be used in food formulation and processing (as preservatives, antioxidants or bioactive ingredients), but they showed also potential for the pharmaceutical or nutraceutical sectors.

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“…It indicates aromatic rings in conjugation with C=C/C=O [ 64 , 65 ]. In needles, coumaric acid, stilbenes and flavonoids are reported [ 66 – 69 ]. To assign specific bands to these different aromatics and track them selectively, a critical survey of reference spectra is necessary (Additional file 1 : Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman imaging reveals in-situ microchemistry of cuticle and epidermis of spruce needles

et al. 2021

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Background The cuticle is a protective layer playing an important role in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. So far cuticle structure and chemistry was mainly studied by electron microscopy and chemical extraction. Thus, analysing composition involved sample destruction and the link between chemistry and microstructure remained unclear. In the last decade, Raman imaging showed high potential to link plant anatomical structure with microchemistry and to give insights into orientation of molecules. In this study, we use Raman imaging and polarization experiments to study the native cuticle and epidermal layer of needles of Norway spruce, one of the economically most important trees in Europe. The acquired hyperspectral dataset is the basis to image the chemical heterogeneity using univariate (band integration) as well as multivariate data analysis (cluster analysis and non-negative matrix factorization). Results Confocal Raman microscopy probes the cuticle together with the underlying epidermis in the native state and tracks aromatics, lipids, carbohydrates and minerals with a spatial resolution of 300 nm. All three data analysis approaches distinguish a waxy, crystalline layer on top, in which aliphatic chains and coumaric acid are aligned perpendicular to the surface. Also in the lipidic amorphous cuticle beneath, strong signals of coumaric acid and flavonoids are detected. Even the unmixing algorithm results in mixed endmember spectra and confirms that lipids co-locate with aromatics. The underlying epidermal cell walls are devoid of lipids but show strong aromatic Raman bands. Especially the upper periclinal thicker cell wall is impregnated with aromatics. At the interface between epidermis and cuticle Calcium oxalate crystals are detected in a layer-like fashion. Non-negative matrix factorization gives the purest component spectra, thus the best match with reference spectra and by this promotes band assignments and interpretation of the visualized chemical heterogeneity. Conclusions Results sharpen our view about the cuticle as the outermost layer of plants and highlight the aromatic impregnation throughout. In the future, developmental studies tracking lipid and aromatic pathways might give new insights into cuticle formation and comparative studies might deepen our understanding why some trees and their needle and leaf surfaces are more resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses than others.

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Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds in Needles ofPinus peuceand Other Pine Species from the Macedonian Flora

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

Characterization of Vasorelaxant Principles from the Needles of Pinus morrisonicola Hayata

Characterization of Vasorelaxant Principles from the Needles of Pinus morrisonicola Hayata

Unravelling the Biological Potential of Pinus pinaster Bark Extracts

Raman imaging reveals in-situ microchemistry of cuticle and epidermis of spruce needles

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