Flavonoids Activation of the Transcription Factor Nrf2 as a Hypothesis Approach for the Prevention and Modulation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Severity

Mendonca, Patricia; Soliman, Karam F.A.

doi:10.3390/antiox9080659

Cited by 82 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 222 publications

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“…In particular, Corinthian currants, derived from a specific type of black grape, are characterized by a low to moderate glycemic index [ 21 ] and an abundance in minerals, vitamins, fiber, flavonoids and phenolics [ 22 , 23 ]. Ongoing research on potential antimicrobial properties of several Mediterranean foods, such as raisins and olive products, should be considered in the context of current research efforts to elucidate any protective effects of flavonoids and other polyphenols against the coronavirus infection [ 24 , 25 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Mediterranean diet as a nutritional approach for COVID-19

Angelidi

Kokkinos

Katechaki³

et al. 2021

Metabolism

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The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) disease pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is associated with various clinical, mental, and psychological complications, and has challenged healthcare and social systems at a national and international level [1][2][3].We and others have shown that obesity, central fat distribution, and adiposity-associated chronic diseases, e.g., diabetes mellitus and cardiometabolic disorders may lead to poor COVID-19 outcomes [4][5][6]. Common underlying pathophysiological features such as chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, oxidative stress, increased cytokine production, endothelial dysfunction, increased number of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-expressing adipocytes and the possible role of adipose tissue as a viral reservoir, are among the factors that predispose to worse COVID-19 outcomes [4,[6][7][8].Obesity is in turn closely associated with lower socioeconomic status and lifestyle habits, with poor diet being one of the most significant contributing factors, building upon a given genetic background.Disparities in nutrition, closely related to ethnicity, race, socioeconomic status, and other social determinants of health, may result in a suboptimal diet that is associated with several cardiometabolic conditions linked to COVID-19 infection and its prognosis [9]. Following an unhealthy diet has unfavorable implications in terms of inflammation and oxidative stress, and thus may influence the final outcome by affecting the immune system and energy homeostasis. Thus, it would be of paramount importance to adopt healthy eating habits during the COVID-19 outbreak and to maintain balanced dietary practices, as outlined in the recent nutritional advice published by the World Health Organization [10], as well as professional associations, societies, and governments [7].Current evidence and expert opinion encourage the consumption of fresh and unprocessed plant foods such as vegetables, fruits and whole grain products. Moreover, they highlight the importance of vitamins and minerals such as zinc, vitamin C, D, A and the maintenance of adequate hydration, while they suggest a moderate consumption of fat, preferring unsaturated fats, and avoiding sugar and salt intake.

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confidence: 99%

Mediterranean diet as a nutritional approach for COVID-19

Angelidi

Kokkinos

Katechaki³

et al. 2021

Metabolism

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“…SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S), The RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the main protease (M pro ) are used as protein targets due to its critical role in maintaining the viral infection [27][28][29][30][31] . Additionally, the host-cell receptors, Transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS II), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP 1) and the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) are targeted due to its fundamental in viral recognition and maintain infectivity for SARS-CoV-2 [32][33][34][35] . For each compound, ten interactions were generated and one with best binding a nity was selected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro: Natural Compounds (Thymol, Carvacrol, Hesperidine, And Thymoquinone) Against Sars-Cov2 Strain Isolated From Egyptian Patients

Seadawy¹,

Gad²,

Shamel³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The current pandemic of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has badly affected our life during the year 2020. SARS-CoV-2 is the primary causative agent of the newly emerged pandemic. Natural flavonoids, Terpenoid and Thymoquinone are tested against different viral and host-cell protein targets. These natural compounds have a good history in treating Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Methods: Molecular docking combined with cytotoxicity and plaque reduction assay is used to test the natural compounds against different viral (Spike, RdRp, and Mpro) and host-cell (TMPRSS II, keap 1, and ACE2) targets. Results: The results demonstrate the binding possibility of the natural compounds (Thymol, Carvacrol, Hesperidine, and Thymoquinone) to the viral main protease (Mpro). Some of these natural compounds were approved to start clinical trail from Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine ECRRM IRB (Certificate No.IRB00012517)Conclusion: Development of an effective anti-viral for SARS-CoV-2 could help to limit the viral load. Benchmarking testing of those natural compounds against other potential antivirals for SARS-CoV-2 with alternative mechanisms of action would thus be important as soon as practicable.

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“…It has been also suggested that the ability of vitamin D to maintain tight junctions can decrease the incidence, severity, and risk of death from influenza, pneumonia, and the COVID-19 pandemic [68]. It has been suggested that flavonoid supplements combined with vitamin D3 can activate transcription factor Nrf2, and decrease SARS-CoV-2 infection severity, reducing oxidative stress and downregulating ACE2 receptors [69]. Downregulation of ACE2 receptors by phytochemical composition PB125 has been also suggested [70].…”

Section: Polyphenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Integrity and COVID-19

Kerch

2021

Encyclopedia

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Tissue integrity depends on biological tissue stiffness. Tissue integrity can protect both against age-related diseases and against severity of COVID-19. The disruption of tight junctions and increase of tissue permeability with advancing age can be related with age-related diseases as well as with age-dependent COVID-19. Release of tightly bound water from collagen fibrils leads to the increase of extracellular matrix stiffness and to the associated with matrix stiffness increased tissue permeability. The link between arterial stiffness and oxidative stress has been reported and is expected to be studied in more detail in the future. Trehalose can be suggested for retardation of tightly bound water release and subsequent extracellular matrix crosslinking by advanced glycation end products. Increase in tissue permeability can be blocked by polyphenols that inhibit ICAM-1 expression and mitigate cytoskeleton reorganization. NF-κB activation as a result of increased stiffness and cytoskeleton reorganization can cause both cardiovascular pathologies and COVID-19. Increased cholesterol content in cell membrane leads to increased virus entry into cell and increase of cholesterol is linked with cardiovascular diseases. Statins and chitosan are known as cholesterol-lowering substances. Nrf2 inhibits NF-κB activation and NF-κB inhibits Nrf2 pathway.

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Flavonoids Activation of the Transcription Factor Nrf2 as a Hypothesis Approach for the Prevention and Modulation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Severity

Cited by 82 publications

References 222 publications

Mediterranean diet as a nutritional approach for COVID-19

Mediterranean diet as a nutritional approach for COVID-19

In Vitro: Natural Compounds (Thymol, Carvacrol, Hesperidine, And Thymoquinone) Against Sars-Cov2 Strain Isolated From Egyptian Patients

Tissue Integrity and COVID-19

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