Flavonoid variation in Arnica cordifolia: an Apomictic polyploid Complex

Wolf, Steven J.; Denford, K. E.

doi:10.1016/0305-1978(83)90008-x

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Perhaps the northern race has some physiological advantage over the southern race (possibly sensitivity to day length) that allows it to occupy the more northerly areas. The flavonoid differences between northern and southern populations may reflect differentiation at an earlier time in the evolution of the present situation as Wolf and Denford (1983) implied. Comparative DNA studies might offer some assistance in establishing directions of gene flow in this system.…”

Section: Arnicamentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The authors (Wolf and Denford, 1983) noted that luteolin 7-0-glucoside and 6-methoxyluteolin 7-0-glucoside are restricted to populations that occur near or north of the limits of advance of Pleistocene glaciation. To account for this distribution they suggested that there may have been two geographically isolated populations during the Pleistocene.…”

Section: Arnicamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Tetraploids are the most commonly found and occur throughout the entire range. Triploids occur in the front ranges of the Rocky Mountains with the other, rarer, cytotypes of more scattered occurrence (Wolf and Denford, 1983).…”

Section: Arnicamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flavonoids of 33 populations representing much of the range of the species were determined by Wolf and Denford (1983). The overall profile of the species consists of luteolin and quercetin O-glycosides, apigenin 7-methy I ether, quercetin 3-methyl ether, 6-methoxyapigenin, 6-methoxyluteolin 7-0-glucoside, and 6-methoxykaempferol 3-0-glucoside.…”

Section: Arnicamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flavonoids of the Sunflower Family (Asteraceae)

Bohm

Stuessy

2001

119

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This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machines or similar means, and storage in data banks. This book is dedicated to:Arthur Cronquist Outstanding plant systematist and major contributor to understanding taxonomic relationships within Asteraceae and Ralph E. Alston (1925Alston ( -1967) Visionary natural products chemist and geneticist who pioneered the use of chemical data in studies of plant systematics and evolution PrefaceCertainly many of the readers of this book will remember the early developments of chemosystematics in the late 1950s. We ourselves remember the excitement of these new data bearing on plant interrelationships. The hopes were high, the techniques were rapidly evolving, the quantities of data were large, and young workers were eagerly enthusiastic. Some even went so far as to predict that chemical data would soon replace morphological information as the basis for plant classification. These overly zealous predictions did not materialize, of course, as the history of plant systematics has amply shown during the past two centuries. If there is any distinct characteristic of systematics it is synthesis, as Lincoln Constance (1964) called it, the "unending synthesis." New tools generate new data and provide insights on additional dimensions of plant relationships. This will never change-we will continue to discover new tools and new data in the years ahead, and they will continue to be incorporated into the predictive general reference system of classification.The earlier efforts in chemosystematics focused on secondary plant products: alkaloids, betacyanins, carbohydrates, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, lipids, terpenoids, and especialiy flavonoids. The latter were particularly well suited for chemosystematic investigation for several reasons: ease of isolation and characterization, small amounts of plant material needed for analysis, stability of compounds especially through routine preparation of herbarium specimens, and low cost to obtain useful information. As a result of these considerable advantages, literally thousands of studies on use of flavonoids in plant systematics have been published. Although now with the present zest for macromolecular data from DNA restriction sites and sequences, there are fewer workers and laboratories dedicated to flavonoid chemosystematic studies; twenty years ago they were the new currency of exciting data in plant systematics.Because of many workers historically interested in the sunflower family, Asteraceae (or Compositae), in part due to its large size (approximately 23,000 species;Bremer, 1994), and because hundreds of flavonoid compounds were discovered in this family, many chemosystematic investigations have been completed on various taxa. Many studies came from the laboratories of R. A. Alston, B. L. Turner, and T. J. Mabry in the Department of Botany ...

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Section: Arnicamentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Arnicamentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Arnicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Arnicamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flavonoids of the Sunflower Family (Asteraceae)

Bohm

Stuessy

2001

119

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“…Arnica cordifolia (Asteraceae) is a mature polyploid complex consisting of diploids, triploids, tetraploids, and pentaploids (Ornduff et al 1963(Ornduff et al , 1967Wolf and Denford 1983;Wolf 1987;Kao 2007Kao , 2008b. Past theoretical and empirical work on polyploid distribution has focused on situations of diploids versus polyploids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexisting Cytotypes ofArnica cordifolia: Morphological Differentiation and Local‐Scale Distribution

Kao

Parker

2010

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Habitat differentiation is thought to play a role in polyploidy establishment and coexistence. Differences in morphology and microhabitat association could play a role in cytotype distribution, but random factors could also be important. Little work has been performed to examine mechanisms affecting local-scale cytotype spatial distribution. Multiple cytotypes of Arnica cordifolia (Asteraceae) co-occur in populations throughout Colorado. This study tests the hypothesis that habitat differentiation (specifically disturbance) controls the local distribution of triploids and tetraploids. We used flow cytometry to determine the local distribution of cytotypes in four populations. We measured plant morphological traits and environmental characteristics of each microlocation. We performed an experiment to test for differentiation in germination behavior between cytotypes. Tetraploids had higher germination success, were larger, and had a lower stomatal area index than did triploids. Both cytotypes were found in understory and roadside locations, with no relationship between cytotype prevalence and distance from the road. Triploid locations were not significantly different from tetraploid locations for a number of environmental factors. Triploids did not show a greater tendency to germinate preferentially in the light. Although triploids and tetraploids co-occur in most populations of A. cordifolia, there is no evidence for consistent habitat partitioning at the local scale.

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