Flavonoid-rich extract of Toxicodendron vernicifluum served as a natural neuroprotective agent

Hawthorn flavonoid ameliorates cognitive deficit in mice with Alzheimer's disease by increasing the levels of Bifidobacteriales in gut microbiota and docosapentaenoic acid in serum metabolites

“…13 Studies have suggested that HF can improve acute myocardial ischemia in anesthetized dogs by increasing G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 (GRK2) expression and inhibiting nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κB) -mediated inflammatory responses. 10 Furthermore, HF can suppress tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression and ameliorate oxidative stress in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome. 14 It also has a protective role in mice with cerebral ischemia by regulating the NF-κB pathway and reducing the TNF-α level in the brain.…”

“…8 Previous studies suggested that flavonoids could alleviate the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, improve learning and memory, 9 and increase the concentrations of nerve growth and brain-derived neurotrophic factors in the frontal cortex. 10 In addition, flavonoids possess potent anti-amyloidogenic properties. 11 Therefore, flavonoids may improve the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.…”