Flavonoid, morin inhibits oxidative stress, inflammation and enhances neurotrophic support in the brain of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Diabetes-induced damages in brain are known as diabetic encephalopathy, which is well characterized by cellular, molecular and functional changes in the brain of diabetic subjects and rodents. However, little is known about the mechanism of damages and the therapeutic strategies in ameliorating those damages in the diabetic brain. In this study, we utilized a flavonoid, morin which is emerging as a potent drug against a wide range of free radical-mediated as well as neurodegenerative diseases. Morin (15 and 30 mg/kg body weight/day) was orally administered to two different groups of rats after 1 week of diabetes induction, and continued for five consecutive weeks. Two other untreated groups of diabetic and non-diabetic rats were used to compare with drug-treated groups. After drug treatments, cerebral cortex of the brain harvested and analyzed for different factors. Morin supplementation especially at high dose increased the levels of insulin, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, and decreased fasting glucose and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the diabetic brain compared to untreated diabetic rats (P < 0.05). Morin also significantly decreased the level of inflammatory markers (TNFα, IL1β, IL-6) in the diabetic brain compared to untreated diabetic rats. Furthermore, the drug influenced an increase in the level of neurotrophic factors (BDNF, NGF and IGF-1) in the diabetic brain compared to untreated diabetic rats (P < 0.05). Thus, our results indicate a beneficial effect of morin by decreasing oxidative stress, inflammation and increasing the neurotrophic support in the diabetic brain, which may ameliorate diabetic encephalopathy.

Resveratrol regulates oxidative biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes in the brain of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…Another purpose of the study was to determine the therapeutic efficiency of resveratrol which might be effective against oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant systems to protect brain tissues from diabetes induced pathologies. Several in vitro, experimental, and clinical studies have suggested that one of the reasons for diabetic neuronal degeneration is the oxidative stress generated by elevated glucose levels (El-Akabawy & El-Kholy, 2014; Mushtaq et al, 2014; Ola et al, 2014). Our results demonstrated a Figure 1.…”

“…Oxidative stress markers in diabetic rat brain tissues measured in control, diabetic, resveratrol supplemented control (C+RSV), and resveratrol supplemented diabetic (D+RSV) groups. El-Kholy, 2014; Jing et al, 2013;Mushtaq et al, 2014;Ola et al, 2014). However, the exact mechanisms of how diabetes could affect memory functions remains to be fully elucidated.…”

Naringenin neutralises oxidative stress and nerve growth factor discrepancy in experimental diabetic neuropathy

“…Recently, we observed that flavonoid morin ameliorated the level of neurotrophic factor in central and peripheral nervous system of diabetic rat. 32,49 Thus, it is likely that antioxidant potential of flavonoid, NG may improve neurotrophic factors, which in turn might protect sciatic nerve damage in diabetic rats. Furthermore, our results are supported by histological features of sciatic nerve sections from NG-treated diabetic groups, which revealed a decrease in degenerated bodies and preservation of sciatic nerve architecture.…”

Hyperglycemic Stress and Carbon Stress in Diabetic Glucotoxicity

“…It should be noted that in the presence of nitric oxide, superoxide can react with nitric oxide to form peroxynitrite [192,193], a highly reactive species that is known to exert cytotoxicity via modification of macromolecules [194][195][196] implicated in diabetes [197][198][199][200][201]. Given the role of oxidative stress in diabetes, a variety of antioxidants and phytochemicals have been evaluated for their protective or preventive effects on diabetes and its complications [202][203][204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211].…”