Flavonoid constituents of Dobera glabra leaves: amelioration impact against CCl₄-induced changes in the genetic materials in male rats

Abstract

Context: Dobera glabra (Forssk.) Poir (Salvadoraceae) is a highly valued tree with diverse importance as special mineral sourced feed and a folkloric tool for forecasting droughts. However, there are no reports on its phytochemical and biological investigations. Objective: Phytochemical investigation of D. glabra leaves and its protective potential against CCl 4 inducing changes in the genetic materials. Materials and methods: D. glabra extract, DGE (70% MeOH/H 2 O), was applied to polyamide column chromatography, eluting with MeOH/H 2 O of decreasing polarities, followed by preparative chromatographic tools, yielded seven compounds. Three DGE doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw/d) were administrated for 8 weeks intragastrically to male albino rats prior treated with CCl 4 (0.5 mL/kg/bw). The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, expression changes of glutamate transporters (GLAST, GLT-1 and SNAT3) mRNA, DNA fragmentation and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were investigated in the liver tissues of these rats.and kaempferol were identified. DGE (200 mg/kg bw) þ CCl 4 exhibited the most significant reduction in ROS levels and DNA fragmentation with 251.3% and141% compared to 523.1% and 273.2% for CCl 4 , respectively. Additionally, it increased significantly the mRNA expression of GLAST, GLT-1 and SNAT3 to 2.16-, 1.72-and 2.09-fold, respectively. Also, GPx activity was increased to 4.8 U/mg protein/min compared to CCl 4 (1.8 U/mg protein/min). Discussion and conclusion: Flavonoid constituents, antioxidant effect and genotoxic protection activity of D. glabra were first reported. DGE may be valuable in the treatment and hindrance of hepatic oxidative stress and genotoxicity.ARTICLE HISTORY

RETRACTED: Dobera glabra (Forssk.) Poir. (Salvadoraceae); phenolic constituents of the aqueous leaves extract and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory, analgesic activities

“…By the same way, peak 20 was identified as isorhamnetin aglycone. Compounds 15, 16, 18 and 20 have been reported in our previous study from the same plant species (Elkhateeb et al, 2017) (Table 1, Figure 9). The current study imparts for the first time the potential antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of D. glabra attributable to therapeutic claims for its effectiveness and usefulness in Egyptian unconventional medicine.…”

“…In line with this, we observed that treatment with D. glabra and indomethacin resulted in marked decrease in IL-6, IL-10 and COX-2. In support, Elkhateeb et al (2017) revealed that flavonoid constituents of D. glabra leaves extract showed antioxidant and genotoxic protection activities. In this context, histopathological examination showed that carrageenan model resulted in increase in the thickness of the sub-epithelial layer with marked edema that dispersing the dermal connective tissue fibers from each other, congestion and severe inflammatory reaction.…”

“…D. glabra fractions were administered at doses of (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, p.o. ), according to Elkhateeb et al (2017). Indomethacin (20 mg/kg, p.o.)…”

Sterols and Triterpenes from Dobera glabra Growing in Saudi Arabia and Their Cytotoxic Activity

“…The investigation of the phytochemicals isolated from the aerial parts of D. glabra via a combination of different chromatographic methods led to the isolation of 18 triterpene and steroid compounds ( 1 – 18 ) ( Figure 1 ). Two of the isolated compounds ( 7 and 17 ) are hereby reported for the first time as being isolated from a natural source, whereas the remaining compounds are hereby reported for the first time as being isolated from D. glabra [ 12 ]. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated via the extensive use of various spectroscopic techniques, including 1D ( 1 H, 13 C, and DEPT-135 13 C) and 2D ( 1 H– 1 H COSY, 1 H– 13 C HSQC, and 1 H– 13 C HMBC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) ( Figures S1–S46 ) and accurate mass measurements, as well as by comparing the compounds’ physical and spectral characteristics with those reported in the literature for previously-isolated compounds.…”

“…Despite the importance of D. glabra as an edible plant for humans and animals, our literature search revealed only one phytochemical study conducted on this plant; it reported the isolation of seven flavonoids from the leaves of D. glabra , which displayed antioxidant activity and genotoxic protection against CCl 4 -induced liver damage in male rats [ 12 ].…”