Flavivirus NS1 protein in infected host sera enhances viral acquisition by mosquitoes

Liu, Jianying; Liu, Yang; Nie, Kaixiao; Du, Senyan; Qiu, Jingjun; Pang, Xiaowu; Wang, Penghua; Cheng, Gong

doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.87

Cited by 138 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Previous reports have suggested that virion morphology may be altered during freezing, which causes a specific reduction in infectivity in mosquito cells [30]. It has also been shown recently that the flavivirus NS1 protein is critical for mosquito infection, down-regulating host immune responses which results in increased infection rates [31]. Stability of NS1, which exists in dimeric and hexameric forms, has been shown to rely on surface glycosylation, which could be affected during long term freezing [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector Competence of American Mosquitoes for Three Strains of Zika Virus

et al. 2016

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In 2015, Zika virus (ZIKV; Flaviviridae; Flavivirus) emerged in the Americas, causing millions of infections in dozens of countries. The rapid spread of the virus and the association with disease outcomes such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly make understanding transmission dynamics essential. Currently, there are no reports of vector competence (VC) of American mosquitoes for ZIKV isolates from the Americas. Further, it is not clear whether ZIKV strains from other genetic lineages can be transmitted by American Aedes aegypti populations, and whether the scope of the current epidemic is in part facilitated by viral factors such as enhanced replicative fitness or increased vector competence. Therefore, we characterized replication of three ZIKV strains, one from each of the three phylogenetic clades in several cell lines and assessed their abilities to be transmitted by Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Additionally, laboratory colonies of different Culex spp. were infected with an American outbreak strain of ZIKV to assess VC. Replication rates were variable and depended on virus strain, cell line and MOI. African strains used in this study outcompeted the American strain in vitro in both mammalian and mosquito cell culture. West and East African strains of ZIKV tested here were more efficiently transmitted by Ae. aegypti from Mexico than was the currently circulating American strain of the Asian lineage. Long-established laboratory colonies of Culex mosquitoes were not efficient ZIKV vectors. These data demonstrate the capacity for additional ZIKV strains to infect and replicate in American Aedes mosquitoes and suggest that neither enhanced virus replicative fitness nor virus adaptation to local vector mosquitoes seems likely to explain the extent and intensity of ZIKV transmission in the Americas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector Competence of American Mosquitoes for Three Strains of Zika Virus

et al. 2016

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“…As shown above, ZK8-4 is DI/DII cross-reactive, poorly neutralizing, and isolated from a plasmablast B cell on day 4, whereas ZK2B10 is ZIKV DIII specific, potent neutralizing, and isolated from the memory B cells on day 106 after the onset of symptoms. To determine whether these distinct features could result in differential protective efficacy in vivo, we tested them in a mouse model deficient in IFN receptors and signaling (40,41). Specifically, 4-to 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice deficient in IFNα, -β, and -γ receptors (AG6 mouse) were challenged with 1 × 10 4 pfu ZIKV (GZ01 strain) via the i.p.…”

Section: Zk7c3 (Supplementalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delineating antibody recognition against Zika virus during natural infection

Wang

Gao

et al. 2017

JCI Insight

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“…Recent research suggests that reduced LDL levels are associated with severe DENV outcome (Seet et al ., ; Biswas et al ., ). Previous research has also shown that blood factors can influence flavivirus acquisition in the mosquito (Liu et al ., ; Londono‐Renteria et al ., ). We hypothesized that host lipids such as LDL can modify flavivirus acquisition in the mosquito.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low density lipopolyprotein inhibits flavivirus acquisition in Aedes aegypti

Wagar

Tree

Mpoy

et al. 2017

Insect Molecular Biology

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Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of a number of human pathogens including dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). Ae. aegypti acquires these viruses during the processing of bloodmeals obtained from an infected vertebrate host. Vertebrate blood contains a number of factors that have the potential to modify virus acquisition in the mosquito. Interestingly, low density lipopolyprotein (LDL) levels are decreased during severe DENV infection. Accordingly, we hypothesized that LDL is a modifiable factor that can influence flavivirus acquisition in the mosquito. We found that LDL is endocytosed by Ae. aegypti cells in a dynamin-dependent manner. LDL is also endocytosed by midgut epithelial cells and accumulates at the luminal midgut epithelium during bloodmeal digestion. Importantly, pretreatment with LDL, but not high density lipopolyprotein (HDL), significantly inhibited both DENV and ZIKV infection in vitro, and LDL inhibited ZIKV infection in vivo. This study identifies human LDL or 'bad cholesterol' as a modifiable factor that can inhibit flavivirus acquisition in Ae. aegypti. Identification of modifiable blood factors and critical cellular interactions that mediate pathogen acquisition may lead to novel strategies to disrupt the transmission cycle of vector-borne diseases.

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Flavivirus NS1 protein in infected host sera enhances viral acquisition by mosquitoes

Cited by 138 publications

References 45 publications

Vector Competence of American Mosquitoes for Three Strains of Zika Virus

Vector Competence of American Mosquitoes for Three Strains of Zika Virus

Delineating antibody recognition against Zika virus during natural infection

Low density lipopolyprotein inhibits flavivirus acquisition in Aedes aegypti

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