Flavanols from Nature: A Phytochemistry and Biological Activity Review

Luo, Yong; Jian, Yuqing; Liu, Yingkai; Jiang, Sai; Daniyal, Muhammad; Wang, Wei

doi:10.3390/molecules27030719

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Compounds belonging to the class of flavan-3-ols can be divided into simple flavan-3-ols, alkaloid flavan-3-ols, and oligomeric flavan-3-ols [ 82 ]. This is a class of compounds that has been extensively studied and whose biological properties such as antioxidant, neuroprotective, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antimicrobial, and antiallergic, and antidiabetic activities, among others, are widely recognized [ 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prunus lusitanica L. Fruits as a Novel Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Potential: Exploring the Unknown

et al. 2022

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Prunus lusitanica L., also known as Portuguese laurel or locally known as ‘azereiro’, is a rare species with ornamental and ecological value. Only two studies regarding the bioactivity and chemical composition of its leaves were reported to date. Thus, the present study aims to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the phenolic profile, through HPLC-PAD-ESI-MS/MS (high-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry), as well as the radical scavenging capacity, through ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl), and the reducing power (FRAP, ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays, of P. lusitanica fruits during a 4-year study. In total, 28 compounds were identified and quantified in the fruits, including 21 hydroxycinnamic acids (60.3%); 2 flavan-3-ols (27.9%), 2 anthocyanins (10.5%), 2 flavonols (1.0%), and 1 secoiridoid (0.3%). High antioxidant capacity was observed, with ABTS values ranging from 7.88 to 10.69 mmol TE (Trolox equivalents)/100 g fw (fresh weight), DPPH values from 5.18 to 8.17 mmol TE/100 g fw, and FRAP values from 8.76 to 11.76 mmol TE/100 g fw. According to these results, it can be concluded that these are rich sources of phenolic compounds with very promising antioxidant capacity and, therefore, with potential applications in the food and/or phytopharmaceutical sectors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prunus lusitanica L. Fruits as a Novel Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Potential: Exploring the Unknown

et al. 2022

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“…The pharmacological properties of catechins have been extensively studied to reveal their anti-inflammatory effects. For instance, catechins have been shown to inhibit TNF- α and NF- κ B pathways and the release of nitric oxide in acute and chronic inflammation [ 39 , 40 ]. Thus, in human rheumatoid arthritis, Bombax costatum extract may serve as a source of drug leads that can inhibit or delay the onset of polyarthritis and other associated systemic manifestations, such as ocular, nasal, dermal, and metabolic manifestations [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation Modulating Activity of the Hydroethanol Stem Bark Extract of Bombax costatum in Murine Models

et al. 2022

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Bombax costatum (Bombacaceae) is traditionally used as a decoction of the leaves, stem, and root to treat headaches, fever, and oedema that may be associated with inflammatory conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 70%v/v ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Bombax costatum on acute and chronic inflammation. The effect of Bombax costatum extract (10, 50, 100 mg kg−1, p.o) was studied in prostaglandin E2-induced paw oedema in Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 5). Subsequently, the effect of the extract on clonidine and haloperidol-induced catalepsy was also investigated in ICR mice (n = 5). Finally, the ability of the extract to inhibit chronic inflammation was studied using a rat adjuvant-induced arthritis model. Pre-emptive and therapeutic administration of the extract at all doses significantly suppressed the formation of oedema following prostaglandin E2 administration. As a measure of indirect antihistaminic effect, treatment with the extract suppressed clonidine-induced catalepsy but not haloperidol-induced catalepsy. Moreover, Bombax costatum extract significantly inhibited joint inflammation and damage following injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant. Treatment with the extract also inhibited the onset of polyarthritis; thus, suppressing the systemic spread of joint inflammation from ipsilateral limbs to contralateral limbs. In conclusion, the hydroethanol extract of the stem bark of Bombax costatum inhibits both acute and chronic inflammation.

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“…In the monomeric form, they have two chiral centers at C2 and C3 which give rise to four isomers for each level of B-ring hydroxylation ( 52 ) and also the absence of a double bond between C-2 and C-3. Unlike other flavonoids, they rarely exist as glycosides in plants ( 53 ) flavanols are found in common foods, including cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables, forages, hops, beers, red wine, tea, cocoa, grapes, and apples. They are known to exhibit health benefits including acting as antioxidants, anticancer, cardioprotective, anti-microbial, anti-viral, and neuroprotective agents.…”

Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenols: Chemoprevention and therapeutic potentials in hematological malignancies

Izuegbuna

2022

Front. Nutr.

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Polyphenols are one of the largest plant-derived natural product and they play an important role in plants’ defense as well as in human health and disease. A number of them are pleiotropic molecules and have been shown to regulate signaling pathways, immune response and cell growth and proliferation which all play a role in cancer development. Hematological malignancies on the other hand, are cancers of the blood. While current therapies are efficacious, they are usually expensive and with unwanted side effects. Thus, the search for newer less toxic agents. Polyphenols have been reported to possess antineoplastic properties which include cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis via multiple mechanisms. They also have immunomodulatory activities where they enhance T cell activation and suppress regulatory T cells. They carry out these actions through such pathways as PI3K/Akt/mTOR and the kynurenine. They can also reverse cancer resistance to chemotherapy agents. In this review, i look at some of the molecular mechanism of action of polyphenols and their potential roles as therapeutic agents in hematological malignancies. Here i discuss their anti-proliferative and anti-neoplastic activities especially their abilities modulate signaling pathways as well as immune response in hematological malignancies. I also looked at clinical studies done mainly in the last 10–15 years on various polyphenol combination and how they enhance synergism. I recommend that further preclinical and clinical studies be carried out to ensure safety and efficacy before polyphenol therapies be officially moved to the clinics.

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Flavanols from Nature: A Phytochemistry and Biological Activity Review

Cited by 45 publications

References 110 publications

Prunus lusitanica L. Fruits as a Novel Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Potential: Exploring the Unknown

Prunus lusitanica L. Fruits as a Novel Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Potential: Exploring the Unknown

Inflammation Modulating Activity of the Hydroethanol Stem Bark Extract of Bombax costatum in Murine Models

Polyphenols: Chemoprevention and therapeutic potentials in hematological malignancies

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