Flavanols from Japanese Quince (Chaenomeles Japonica) Fruit Inhibit Human Prostate and Breast Cancer Cell Line Invasiveness and Cause Favorable Changes inBax/Bcl-2mRNA Ratio

Abstract

Polyphenols are natural compounds of high structural diversity which translates into a very wide spectrum of biological activities, including chemoprevention. Here we report that a Japanese quince fruit flavanol preparation (JQFFP) caused favorable changes in Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA ratio, which rendered normal and cancer cells more resistant and more sensitive, respectively, to apoptosis. DU145 human prostate cancer cells were characterized by the most advantageous Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The growth and invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells were strongly suppressed by JQFFP, which was accompanied with a decrease in MMP-9 activity and stimulation of TIMP-1 expression. Importantly, JQFFP did not decrease normal human prostate PNT1A cell number, whereas Bax/Bcl-2 ratio decreased which implies increased resistance to apoptosis. In conclusion, JQFFP exhibited a potent antiproliferative effect against cancer cells, inhibited their invasiveness, and decreased expression level of several genes involved in apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis.

Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor PF-3845 reduces viability, migration and invasiveness of human colon adenocarcinoma Colo-205 cell line: an in vitro study

“…Migration assay. Cell migration assay was performed using the BD FalconTM 24-Multiwell Insert plate system (Becton Dickinson, Bedford, MA, USA), as described previously, with a slight modification (Lewandowska et al, 2013). Colo-205 cells were resuspended in a serumfree medium with or without PF-3845 (0-100 μM) and plated onto the upper chamber at the densities of 1 × 10 5 per 500 μL.…”

Procyanidins from Evening Primrose (Oenothera paradoxa) Defatted Seeds Inhibit Invasiveness of Breast Cancer Cells and Modulate the Expression of Selected Genes Involved in Angiogenesis, Metastasis, and Apoptosis

“…Invasion studies were conducted using the Matrigel BM matrix assay, developed for the measurement of tumor cell invasiveness, as described previously (18). We used BioCoat Matrigel Downloaded by [McMaster University] at 07: 30 22 December 2014 invasion chambers [24-well cell culture inserts containing an 8.0-μm PET membrane with a uniform layer of Matrigel (Becton Dickinson, Bedford, MA)].…”

Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica L.) fruit polyphenolic extract modulates carbohydrate metabolism in HepG2 cells via AMP-activated protein kinase

“…Because of its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant and immunoregulatory properties Chaenomeles japonica plant has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Recently it was also identified as cancer chemopreventive agent with proliferation, invasiveness and angiogenesis inhibition effect (Lewandowska et al 2013;Gorlach et al, 2011). Moreover, our previous results identified Japanese quince polyphenols as potent inhibitors of carbohydrates digestive enzymes (Zakłos-Szyda et al, 2015).…”

“…Moreover, we found that it inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), known as the major negative regulator in insulin and leptin signaling. Taking into account that these fruits are a rich source of polyphenolic compounds (mainly catechins and procyanidin oligomers) possessing numerous biological activities (Strugała et al, 2016;Tarko et al, 2014;Bahadoran et al, 2013;Lewandowska et al, 2013;Gorlach et al, 2011;Stręk et al, 2007), we hypothesized that JQ extract can also activate AMPK. Recent reports evidenced black soybean seed coat and grape seed procyanidins as the agents responsible for AMPK activation and glucose uptake in mice and rats (Yamashita et al, 2016;Crescenti et al, 2015;Kurimoto et al, 2013).…”