Flash pyrolysis of polystyrene wastes in a free-fall reactor under vacuum

Karaduman, Ali; Şimşek, Emir H.; Çiçek, Burhanettin; Bilgesü, Ali Y.

doi:10.1016/s0165-2370(00)00169-8

Cited by 80 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Essentially the oil and solid yields decreased while the gas yield increased with increasing temperature. Similar trends in product yields with increasing pyrolysis temperature have been reported by other researchers as well [15,[34][35][36][37][38]. At 800 °C the gas yield increased to 46.9 wt% from 43.6 wt% at 700 °C as result of cracking of larger molecules in the oil products (Table 3) to increase the yields of CH 4 and C 2 -C 4 in the gas products at this temperature.…”

Section: Effects Of Final Pyrolysis Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 87%

Products from the high temperature pyrolysis of RDF at slow and rapid heating rates

Efika

Onwudili

Williams

2015

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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The high-temperature pyrolysis behaviour of a sample of refuse derived fuel (RDF) as a model of municipal solid waste (MSW) was investigated in a horizontal tubular reactor between 700 -900 °C , at varying heating rates, and at an extended vapour residence time.Experiments were designed to evaluate the influence of process conditions on gas yields as well as gas and oil compositions. Pyrolysis of RDF at 800 °C and at rapid heating rate resulted in the gas yield with the highest CV of 24.8 MJ m -3 while pyrolysis to 900 °C at the rapid heating rate generated the highest gas yield but with a lower CV of 21.3 MJ m -3 . A comparison of the effect of heating rates on oil products revealed that the oil from slow pyrolysis, contained higher yields of more oxygenates, alkanes (C8 to C39) and alkenes (C8 to C20), while the oil from rapid pyrolysis contained more aromatics, possibly due to the promotion of Diels-Alder-type reactions. IntroductionThere is a continuously growing need for new and sustainable sources of energy in the world as our populations grow and countries become more developed. There is also an increased demand for renewable sources of energy, resulting in increased interests in the processing of municipal solid waste (MSW) as an energy resource both by biochemical and thermochemical means. Among the thermochemical technologies for MSW conversion, pyrolysis is arguably, the most versatile in relation to the flexibility of obtaining primary products. The application of pyrolysis technology to MSW is quite promising as the energy content of the MSW can be extracted in the form of primary pyrolysis products including gas,

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Section: Effects Of Final Pyrolysis Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 87%

Products from the high temperature pyrolysis of RDF at slow and rapid heating rates

Efika

Onwudili

Williams

2015

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…Both benzaldehyde and methyl methacrylate were detected in all three workshops except extra acrylonitrile in RI-TV. Besides aromatics like benzene, toluene, styrene and chlorobenzene, acrylonitrile was reported as other main component during pyrolysis of styrenic polymers such as ABS, HIPS, and styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) (Hall and Williams, 2006;Karaduman et al, 2001). The only release of acrylonitrile in RI-TV might be resulted from the bulk components in TV PCBAs and mixed TV cases made from ABS and the decomposition of ABS.…”

Section: Rotary Incinerator Workhopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution profiles and health risk assessment of VOCs emitted during e-waste dismantling processes associated with different dismantling methods

Huang

et al. 2014

Environment International

141

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Pollution profiles of typical volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted during dismantling of various printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) of e-wastes using different methods were comparatively investigated in the real e-waste dismantling workshops in South China in April 2013. Similar pollution profiles and concentrations of VOCs were observed between dismantling mobile phone and hard disk PCBAs by using electric blowers and between dismantling television and power supplier PCBAs using electric heating furnaces. Aromatic hydrocarbons (accounting for N60% of the sum of VOCs) were the dominant group during using electric blowers, while aromatic (accounting for N44% of the sum of VOCs) and halogenated hydrocarbons (accounting for N48% of the sum of VOCs) were the two dominant groups which contributed equally using electric heating furnaces. However, the distribution profiles of VOCs emitted during dismantling of televisions, hard disks and micro motors using rotary incinerators varied greatly, though aromatic hydrocarbons were still the dominant group. The combustion of e-wastes led to the most severe contamination of VOCs, with total VOCs (3.3 × 10 4 μg m −3 ) using rotary incinerators about 190, 180, 139, and 40 times higher than those using mechanical cutting, electric soldering iron, electric blower, and electric heating furnace, respectively. Both cancer and non-cancer risks existed for workers due to exposure to on-site emitted VOCs in all workshops especially in those using rotary incinerators according to the USEPA methodology, whereas only cancer risks existed in rotary incinerator workshops according to the American Conference of Industrial Hygienists methodology.

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“…Respect to incineration, pyrolysis appears to the public opinion as an environmentally friendly strategy, with minor health and landscape impact of incineration plants. This scenario encourages the exploitation of alternative processes such as pyrolysis and gasification, able to dispose biomasses and MSW and to recuperate their energy content [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Analysis and Solid Residue Stabilization of Polymers, Waste Tyres, Spruce Sawdust and Sewage Sludge

Grigiante

Ischia

Baratieri

et al. 2010

Waste Biomass Valor

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Flash pyrolysis of polystyrene wastes in a free-fall reactor under vacuum

Cited by 80 publications

References 15 publications

Products from the high temperature pyrolysis of RDF at slow and rapid heating rates

Products from the high temperature pyrolysis of RDF at slow and rapid heating rates

Pollution profiles and health risk assessment of VOCs emitted during e-waste dismantling processes associated with different dismantling methods

Pyrolysis Analysis and Solid Residue Stabilization of Polymers, Waste Tyres, Spruce Sawdust and Sewage Sludge

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