Flash flood modeling and mitigation of Al-Hussainiyah area, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Gabr, Safwat S.; Alkhaldy, Ibrahim; El-Saoud, Waleed A.; Habeebullah, Turki M.

doi:10.1007/s12517-021-08400-9

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…SCS techniques evaluated the precipitation depth-runoff relationship [85]. The runoff CN was the watershed's discharge rate for flood water, or the predicted water volume runoff based on precipitation [86]. Because land characteristics in Saudi Arabia differ from those in America, the CN values for Wadi Al Akkas and Wadi Abha are not automatically extracted from the US land features classification table [87].…”

Section: Hydrological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Flash Flood Assessment and Management for Sustainable Development Using Geospatial Technology and WMS Models in Abha City, Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2022

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Abha city is distinguished by urbanization, infrastructure, deepening watercourses, and changes in runoff flow which encourage flash floods in the urban zones of many villages in the region. AlMahalah village is prone to flash flooding due to its geographic location near the outlet of convergence streams of significant flow. The Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), Water Modeling System (WMS), and Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) were used to assess the effects of flash floods on AlMahala village. Precipitation data from 1978 to 2020 was statistically processed and analysed to provide more information about flash flood hazards. With a 3-h lag time in both watersheds, the higher peak discharge in Wadi Abha than in Wadi Al Akkas indicates that flooding was a primary concern in Wadi Abha. With an average yearly rainfall of 520 mm, the hydrograph simulation from 1 to 5 April 2020 would contribute to the junction (outlet) point of AlMahala village with a peak discharge rate of 474.14 m3/s. The vegetation cover increased by 243 km2 in 2020 compared to 2016. The HEC-RAS model was used to calculate the water depth, velocity, and elevation of the water surface with and without dam installation. The study provides the administration with practical and reasonable procedures for avoiding flash flood destruction in urban areas.

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Section: Hydrological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Flash Flood Assessment and Management for Sustainable Development Using Geospatial Technology and WMS Models in Abha City, Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2022

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“…At present, the study and analysis of factors affecting flood occurrence still faces some limitations. Estimating the amount of runoff in areas that have previously experienced flash floods has not been widely studied [19,20]. There has been little study of factors related to flash floods in both river basins and economic areas [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of SWAT Model for Assessment of Surface Runoff in Flash Flood Areas

Suwannachai,

Sriworamas,

Sivanpheng

et al. 2024

Water

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In addition to changes in the amount of rain, changes in land use upstream are considered a factor that directly affects the maximum runoff flow in a basin, especially in areas that have experienced floods and flash floods. This research article presents the application of the SWAT model to assess runoff in areas that have experienced flash floods, in order to analyze the proportion of land use change to the maximum runoff. Study areas that experienced flash floods were in three basins in Thailand (Lam Saphung Basin, Phrom River Basin, and Chern River Basin Part 1, which is a sub-basin of the Nam Chi River Basin). This study analyzed two main factors that influenced runoff in the river basin by considering two simulation situations: (1) changes in land use affecting runoff assessed by considering land use maps in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2021 when using rainfall data only in the year 2021 for all cases and (2) changes in the amount of rainfall influencing runoff by considering the rainfall records in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2021 when using the land use data only in the year 2021 for all cases. The results of the study found that the SWAT model can be effectively applied to estimate annual runoff in areas that have experienced flash floods under eight parameters with R2 values of 0.74, 0.82, and 0.74 for the Lam Saphung River Basin, Phrom River Basin, and Chern River Basin Part 1, respectively. In addition, it was found that the proportion of land use changes that involved changes from forested areas to residential areas was the greatest from 2008 to 2010 in the Phrom River Basin and Chern River Basin Part 1. This resulted in an increase in the maximum runoff amounts of 77.78% and 46.87%, respectively. When land use was constant, it was found that the rainfall in 2010, which was the highest, also had the greatest impact on the runoff in all three areas.

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Recent Advances in Water Quality, Soil Pollution, Disaster Risk Reduction, and Carbon Neutrality: Seeking Environmental Sustainability

Elumalai

2023

Environmental Earth Sciences

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Flash flood modeling and mitigation of Al-Hussainiyah area, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Flash Flood Assessment and Management for Sustainable Development Using Geospatial Technology and WMS Models in Abha City, Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

Flash Flood Assessment and Management for Sustainable Development Using Geospatial Technology and WMS Models in Abha City, Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

Application of SWAT Model for Assessment of Surface Runoff in Flash Flood Areas

Recent Advances in Water Quality, Soil Pollution, Disaster Risk Reduction, and Carbon Neutrality: Seeking Environmental Sustainability

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