Flammability, thermal stability, and phase change characteristics of several trialkylimidazolium saltsThe authors wish to thank the scientists at the Occupational Safety and Health Administration ? Salt Lake Technical Center for their measurement of the imidazolium flashpoints.The policy of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is to use metric units of measurement in all its publications, and to provide statements of uncertainty for all original measurements. In this document however,

Fox, Douglas M.; Awad, Walid H.; Gilman, Jeffrey W.; Maupin, Paul H.; Long, Hugh C. De; Trulove, Paul C.

doi:10.1039/b308444b

Cited by 226 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[48][49][50] and [51]. The universal (but not exclusive) driving forces for the decomposition of complex salts are: 1) Maximization of the interaction between oppositely charged ions, for example by forming charged fragments with a higher lattice energy.…”

Section: Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Universal, Simple Melting Point Prediction Possible?

et al. 2011

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An investigation of the melting points of 520 organic 1:1 salts is presented with the aim of developing a universal, simple, physically well-founded prediction scheme. The general reliability and reproducibility of the recorded experimental data are discussed with respect to purity, phase behavior, disorder and thermal history of a given substance. Additionally, mistakes, systematic errors, or lack of conventions can lead to considerable differences in the experimental measurements. A rough error bar for the reproducibility of the melting points of organic salts of ±5 to ±15 °C can be assigned. With this restraint, we developed two simple, semiempirical, five- and nine-parameter schemes with easy-to-calculate quantities. With these, we could predict the melting temperature of a given organic salt in the temperature range of -25 to +300 °C with an average error of 33.5 °C and a relative error of 9.3%. All calculated quantities are assessed with the help of conventional DFT, COSMO and COSMO-RS calculations, and are currently implemented into the IL-Prop module of the upcoming version of COSMOtherm. These prediction schemes are suitable for high-throughput computational screening of substances in the context of "computer-aided synthesis". Therefore, they are valuable tools to find a compound with a suitable melting point before its first synthesis.

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Section: Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Universal, Simple Melting Point Prediction Possible?

et al. 2011

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“…Despite this, it should be noted that long term stabilities for ionic liquids are considerably lower than T ONSET and T PEAK values would suggest, 11,26,27 and hence biomass processing temperatures should also be lower. For example, dealkylation reactions have been observed for [C 2 C 1 im][OAc] at temperatures as low as 120°C.…”

Section: Il Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of low-cost ionic liquids for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment

et al. 2015

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The cost of ionic liquids (IL) is one of the main impediments to IL utilization in the cellulosic biorefinery, especially in the pretreatment step. In this study, a number of ionic liquids were synthesized with the goal of optimizing solvent cost and stability whilst demonstrating promising processing potential. To achieve this, inexpensive feedstocks such as sulfuric acid and simple amines were combined into a range of protic ionic liquids containing the hydrogen sulfate [HSO 4 ] -anion. The performance of these ionic liquids was compared to a benchmark system containing the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [C 2 C 1 im][OAc]. The highest saccharification yields were observed for the triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate IL, which was 75% as effective as the benchmark system. Techno-economic modeling revealed that this promising and yet to be optimized yield was achieved at a fraction of the processing cost. This study demonstrates that some ILs can compete with the cheapest pretreatment chemicals, such as ammonia, in terms of effectiveness and process cost, removing IL cost as a barrier to the economic viability of IL-based biorefineries.

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“…The preparation and purification of all ionic liquids and AlCl 3 were performed as described in [10,11]. Collagen type I from bovine Achilles tendon, elastin powder from bovine neck ligament, 20 µm powdered microcrystalline cellulose, and crab shell chitin were used as received from Sigma-Aldrich Co.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolution of Biopolymers Using Ionic Liquids

Mantz

Fox

Green

et al. 2007

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung A

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Ionic liquids represent a unique class of solvents that offer unprecedented versatility and tunability. Nature has developed a wide variety of materials based upon both proteins and polysaccharides. Many of these materials have unique properties that are a function not only of the material identity but are also largely dictated by processing conditions. Recent work has shown the potential of ionic liquids as solvents for the dissolution and processing of biopolymers. In this research we have expanded upon the limited data available to date using several biopolymers including: silk, chitin, collagen and elastin.

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Cited by 226 publications

References 10 publications

Is Universal, Simple Melting Point Prediction Possible?

Is Universal, Simple Melting Point Prediction Possible?

Design of low-cost ionic liquids for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment

Dissolution of Biopolymers Using Ionic Liquids

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