Flammability Properties of Hydrocarbon Fuels. Interrelations of Flammability Properties of n-Alkanes in Air.

Affens, W. A.

doi:10.1021/je60029a022

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Several investigators have tried to derive a more exact relationship between the flash point and lower flammability limit. Affens [6] suggested an empirical relation between the flash point and lower flammability limit of n-alkanes:…”

Section: Interproperty Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flash Point: Evaluation, Experimentation and Estimation

et al. 2010

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The flash point is an important indicator of the flammability of a chemical. For safety purposes, many data compilations report the lowest value and not the most likely. This practice, combined with improper documentation and poor data storage methods, has resulted in compilations filled with fire-hazard data that are inconsistent with related properties and between members of homologous chemical series. In this study, the flash points reported in the DIPPR 801 database and more than 1,400 other literature values were critically reviewed based on measurement method, inter-property relations, and trends in chemical series. New measurements for seven compounds illustrate the differences between experimental flash points and data commonly found in fire-hazard compilations. With a critically reviewed set of experimental data, published predictive methods for the flash point were evaluated for accuracy.

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Section: Interproperty Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flash Point: Evaluation, Experimentation and Estimation

et al. 2010

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“…Leslie and Geniesse [3] proposed that the flash point occurs when enough vapors evolve to form some constant fraction of the stoichiometric combustion concentration. In other 1.84 6.36 Ishiuchi [8] 2.06 7.44 Prugh [9] 2.14 7.80 Metcalfe [10] 2.42 8.70 Blinov [11] 2.58 9.04 Shebeko [11] 2.79 9.83 Butler Approximation [12] 3.03 10.34 Affens (from VP) [13] 3.09 10.55 Korolchenko [11] 3.18 11.05 Modified Satyanarayana-Kakati [14] 3.25 11.79 Patil [15] 3.29 11.11 Wang-Sun [16] 3.38 11.52 Hshieh [17] 3.39 11.96 Oehley [18] 3.89 13.40 Bodhurtha [19] 4.54 15.99 Butler [12] 4.55 16.03 Affens [13] 4 [29] 19.90 67.43 Affens (from carbon number) [13] 22.20 76.78 words, the flash point (FP) may be related to the moles of oxygen required for stoichiometric combustion ( ) through the vapor pressure (P * ):…”

Section: Published Estimation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of pure‐component flash points for organic compounds

Rowley¹,

Rowley²,

Wilding³

2010

Fire and Materials

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SUMMARYPublished flash point prediction methods are evaluated for accuracy against experimental data from the DIPPR 801 database. The most accurate methods require a vapor pressure correlation, which is often not available. Two new methods are presented, one that uses the vapor pressure, and one based on the normal boiling point and enthalpy of vaporization at the normal boiling point. The vapor pressure method shows little improvement over the previous methods unless group contributions are implemented. The boiling point method predicts the flash point within an absolute average deviation of 1.3% when compared with data for more than 1000 compounds. The previous most accurate method that was not based on vapor pressure exhibited an absolute average deviation of 1.84% for the same test set.

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“…Goto [23] 16.07 Hshieh [26] 16.83 Affens [15] 17.06 Hanley [24] 18.66 Shebeko [38] 20.37 Britton [18] 20.94 Jones [27,46] 21.93 Kondo [11,28,29] 23.86…”

Section: Estimation Of Magnitudementioning

confidence: 99%