Flammability of Trans-1, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene and its binary blends

Yang, Zhao; Wu, Xi; Tian, Tian

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2015.08.037

Cited by 48 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…General characteristics of most common experimental equipment used to determine the flammability limits. (a) Experimental works with cylindrical vessels. ,,,,,,− (b) Experimental works with spherical vessels. ,,,,− …”

Section: Experimental Determination Of the Flammability Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flammability Limits: A Comprehensive Review of Theory, Experiments, and Estimation Methods

Mendiburu

Carvalho

2023

Energy Fuels

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Flammability limits play an important role in combustion research, industrial applications, and fire safety. This article provides a comprehensive review of recent developments in the fundamental understanding of flammability limits and their experimental determination as well as estimation methods for pure fuels and fuel mixtures. The article begins with a discussion of the importance and challenges of determining flammability limits. It then presents the theoretical, computational, and experimental methods available to understand the mechanism of flammability limits and to quantify them. The experimental setups using cylindrical and spherical vessels to determine the flammability limits are discussed. The effects of buoyancy, thermal radiation, and flame stretch are examined. The relationship between the fundamental flammability limits and the extinction limits of stretched flames via strain and radiation is presented. The effects of initial temperature, pressure, mixtures of different fuels, and diluents are examined, and available estimation methods are presented. Finally, the flammability limits of renewable and alternative fuels are addressed and strategies for estimating the flammability limits of these fuels are presented.

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Section: Experimental Determination Of the Flammability Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flammability Limits: A Comprehensive Review of Theory, Experiments, and Estimation Methods

Mendiburu

Carvalho

2023

Energy Fuels

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“…Because of its ultra-low GWP (<1), the hydrofluoroolefin 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234ze(E); CF 3 CH=CHF) has gained interest as a prospective refrigerant for industrial centrifugal chillers [60,61]. The critical pressure and temperature of the refrigerant are 3.63 MPa and 109.3 • C, respectively [62,63].…”

Section: R1234ze(e)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Environment-Friendly Refrigerants for Domestic Air Conditioning Applications

Uddin

Saha

2022

Energies

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Low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants for the next-generation air conditioning systems have been investigated with target domestic applications. High-GWP refrigerants are mostly used in climate control applications such as heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) and refrigeration systems. The majority of refrigerants are responsible for significant environmental issues such as ozone layer depletion and global warming. The Montreal Protocol and the Kyoto Protocol have been implemented to address such issues. In the meantime, authorities in many countries have taken the initiative to phase out the usage of environmentally harmful refrigerants in vapor compression refrigeration systems. Following the global warming mitigation scheme by many signatory countries, research interest has been focused on finding alternative refrigerants with low or ultra-low GWP. This study considered the research trend and development of low-GWP refrigerants while examining system performance, safety issues, and the equivalent environmental impact as the critical assessment parameters. Here, the focus is primarily set on the potential of refrigerant blends (HFCs + HFOs) where the GWP value of 300 is set as the threshold value. Targeted for domestic heat pump systems, the performance of such systems using various refrigerant blends is collated and discussed. Many blends offer innovative drop-in replacements for R410A-conforming F-gas regulations. The technical difficulties and realistic remedies for the existing refrigerants are also discussed.

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“…The first developed synthetic low GWP refrigerants to replace R134a were R1234yf [6] and R1234ze(E) [7]. Both fluids are hydrofluoroolefines (HFOs), they have low GWP values below 1 [8] and they are low flammable fluids [9][10][11]. After several theoretical and experimental studies, the operational advantages and disadvantages of these fluids were proved: R1234yf does not improve the energetic performance of refrigeration and air conditioning applications [6,7] and R1234ze(E) requires large modifications or new design systems to reach the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system [12].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental exergy analysis of R513A to replace R134a in a small capacity refrigeration system

Mota-Babiloni

Belman-Flores

Makhnatch

et al. 2018

Energy

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The replacement of HFCs using lower GWP refrigerants in the coming years is a priority to reduce the predicted climate change. The exergy analysis of vapor compression systems can help to identify the feasibility of alternative fluids in existing installations and the potential to improve them. In this sense, this paper presents an exergy analysis of an experimental setup which operates with R134a and the alternative HFO/HFC mixture R513A. The evaporating temperature is ranges between-15°C and 5°C, while the condensing temperature is set at 30°C and 35°C. In this analysis, the highest amount of exergy destruction rate is obtained at the compressor, followed by the evaporator. The maximum exergy efficiencies are observed at the condenser and the thermostatic expansion device. Finally, the average global exergy efficiency of R513A when replaced R134a in this refrigeration experimental setup is 0.4% higher (absolute difference), and with respect to the components, there is only slight reduction in efficiency in the condenser using R513A. Therefore, the R513A replacement is acceptable according to the second law of thermodynamics.

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Flammability of Trans-1, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene and its binary blends

Cited by 48 publications

References 21 publications

Flammability Limits: A Comprehensive Review of Theory, Experiments, and Estimation Methods

Flammability Limits: A Comprehensive Review of Theory, Experiments, and Estimation Methods

An Overview of Environment-Friendly Refrigerants for Domestic Air Conditioning Applications

Experimental exergy analysis of R513A to replace R134a in a small capacity refrigeration system

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