Flame Studies of Oxygenates

Abstract

This chapter presents a comprehensive review of flame studies performed on oxygenated hydrocarbons or oxygenates of general formula C x H y O z . In particular those studies in which the authors have measured laminar flame speeds or have concentrated on speciation in flames. It is the first time that such tabulation is performed and summarizes the work carried out since the 1950s. In addition, the methods employed in determining flame speeds are outlined and their strengths and weaknesses highlighted. In a similar fashion the various diagnostic methods for measuring species concentrations in situ are reviewed. were focused on extension of the list of detectible species and on the achievements in quantitative measurements. In most cases, spectroscopic techniques were tested in flames of methane and other conventional fuels, yet flames of oxygenated species were also visited (Desgroux et al. 1994). 240

A review of the combustion and emissions properties of advanced transportation biofuels and their impact on existing and future engines

“…These fuel molecules can be obtained from sugars [33], or directly from cellulose [34], and can either be used as a fuel themselves, or can be upgraded into synthetic hydrocarbons using upgrading techniques [35]. Measurements of the fundamental flame propagation and ignition delay times of some furan-based biofuels have been published in the combustion literature [216][217][218][219][220][221], and combustion chemistry models have been proposed [85,218,222]. More studies on their combustion properties are needed if these are to become significant fuels or fuel additives.…”

Experimental Investigations on Laminar Burning Velocity Variation of Methyl Formate–Air Mixtures at Elevated Temperatures

“…The large molecular size of BD makes the advancement and validation of chemical kinetic models difficult and challenging. This further leads to convergence issues besides increased computation time and costs, thus making it difficult to gain complete insight of combustion characteristics. − Therefore, simpler molecules serve the purpose of being the surrogates to study the biodiesel combustion . To overcome such complexities, the reaction mechanism of small chain alkyl esters, such as methyl butanoate (MB), can be utilized. , It possesses requisite structural attributes of larger fatty acid methyl esters present in biodiesels, making it a good surrogate for biodiesel .…”

Chemical kinetics of cyclic ethers in combustion

“…The first one consists of the measurement of adiabatic LBVs at pressures at or above atmospheric pressure using either a Constant Volume Bomb (CVB), in which a flame is spark-ignited and LBVs are obtained after data processing to correct for stretch [270], or a flat flame burner based on the heat-flux method [271]. The second type aims at measuring the profiles of temperature and product mole fractions as a function of height above burner in a flat PLF stabilized at a pressure below atmospheric pressure [272]. Fig.…”