Flame Retardants, Phosphorus

Weil, Edward D.

doi:10.1002/0471238961.1608151923050912.a01

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…However, the T g of the materials FR4 and FR5 is more than 20°C lower than the T g of the reference formulation. Such effect of organic phosphorus additives on the thermomechanical properties has already been reported [15], but further investigation would be needed for a better understanding of this phenomenon.…”

Section: B Glass Transition Temperature Measurementmentioning

confidence: 76%

Environmentally Friendly Flame Retardant Epoxy For Electrical Insulation

Tilliette

Schmidt

Ghoul

et al. 2008

Conference Record of the 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation

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This paper evaluates the properties of different halogen and antimony free flame retardant epoxy formulations for electrical insulation applications. Measurements of smoke production during combustion, flammability, thermo-mechanical and dielectric tests were carried out. It was found that using aluminum diethylphosphinate, red phosphorous or aluminum trihydrated significantly decreases the flammability of the investigated epoxy formulation while maintaining the good dielectric and mechanical properties.

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Section: B Glass Transition Temperature Measurementmentioning

confidence: 76%

Environmentally Friendly Flame Retardant Epoxy For Electrical Insulation

Tilliette

Schmidt

Ghoul

et al. 2008

Conference Record of the 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation

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“…48 Some IDDPP was deposited in sediments at site C1 since 1996, as IDDPP has been applied as a plasticizer/flame retardant in flexible PVC since the 1990s. 49 At site C3, emerging aryl-OPE concentrations largely increased in sediments from 2005. Particularly, CDP concentration increased from 0.51 ng g −1 during 2010− 2015 to 1.8 ng g −1 during 2015−2019, showing about a 3-fold increase.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Aggravating Pollution of Emerging Aryl Organophosphate Esters in Urban Estuarine Sediments of South China

Lao,

Huang,

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Emerging aryl organophosphate esters (aryl-OPEs) have been employed as substitutes for organohalogen flame retardants in recent years; however, their environmental occurrence and associated impacts in urban estuarine sediments have not been adequately investigated, impeding regulatory decision-making. Herein, field-based investigations and modeling based on surface sediment and sediment core analysis were employed to uncover the historical pollution and current environmental impacts of aryl-OPEs in the Pearl River Estuary, South China. Our results revealed a substantial increase in aryl-OPE emission, particularly emerging aryl-OPEs, through sediment transport to the estuary since the 2000s. The emerging aryl-OPEs comprised 83% of the total annual input in the past decade, with an average annual input of 155,000 g. Additionally, the emerging-to-traditional aryl-OPE concentration ratios increased with decreasing distance from the shore, peaking in the highly urbanized riverine outlets. These findings indicate that inventories of emerging aryl-OPEs are likely increasing in estuarine sediments and their emissions are surpassing those of traditional aryl-OPEs. Our risk-based priority screening approach indicates that some emerging aryl-OPEs, particularly bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate), can pose a higher environmental risk than traditional aryl-OPEs in estuarine sediments. Overall, our study highlights the importance of recognizing the environmental impacts of emerging aryl-OPEs.

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“…Besides precious applications, their use in the construction of the unsafe compounds sarin, soman, and VX-type chemical warfare agents (CWAs) is of note [3]. Phosphonates have important applications in flame retardancy [4], [5], organic synthesis [6], and biological applications [2], [7]. Also, phosphonates have been used as substitutes of the corresponding esters and acids of high biological activity [8], [9] and as suitable probes for designing antibodies on the basis of transition state models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%