Flame retardants in eggs of four gull species (Laridae) from breeding sites spanning Atlantic to Pacific Canada

Chen, Da; Letcher, Robert J.; Burgess, Neil M.; Champoux, Louise; Elliott, John E.; Hebert, Craig E.; Martin, Pamela A.; Wayland, Mark; Weseloh, D. V.; Wilson, Laurie

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2012.03.040

Cited by 89 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Contaminant levels in Great Lakes herring gull eggs have been closely monitored since the early 1970s, producing a wealth of invaluable data for a large suite of halogenated organics and trace elements. 11 16 Thus, both these studies support that the greater Montreal area is a potentially major "hotspot" with respect to FR contamination in avian species, but the exact sources of exposure for these birds have never been investigated. Furthermore, a more comprehensive screening of emerging FRs of potential environmental concern is critically needed.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…For instance, total-HBCD (sum of α and β) in eggs of California, glaucous-winged, herring gulls from sites across Canada ranged from 0.5 to 12 ng/g ww and averaged 11.8 ng/g ww in eggs of ring-billed gulls. 16 Eggs of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) from Norway contained 8.01−15.96 ng/g ww HBCD, 48 while glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) from the Norwegian arctic exhibited slightly higher concentrations (19.8 ng/g ww in egg yolk; 1.73− 2.07 ng/g ww in male and female plasma, respectively). 49 The highest levels were found in dead and dying glaucous gulls of the Norwegian Arctic.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…17 These characteristics make this mediumsize gull particularly well suited for investigating bioaccumulation of historical (Penta-BDE and Octa-BDE) and emerging, unregulated halogenated FRs that may not otherwise bioaccumulate in species feeding exclusively upon aquatic food webs. 16 as the most FR-contaminated gull colony in Canada. Deslauriers Island is a 600 m long island located ∼3.2 km downstream from the tip of Montreal in the St. Lawrence River ( Figure 1).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Flame Retardants in Urban-Feeding Ring-Billed Gulls from the St. Lawrence River, Canada

Gentes

Letcher

Caron-Beaudoin

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This study investigated the occurrence of a comprehensive suite of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and current-use flame retardants (FRs) in ring-billed gulls breeding in a highly industrialized section of the St. Lawrence River, downstream from Montreal (QC, Canada). Despite major point-sources and diffuse contamination by FRs, nearly no FR data have been reported in birds from this area. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (BEHTBP) was detected in 89% of ring-billed gull livers (mean: 2.16 ng/g ww; max: 17.6 ng/g ww). To our knowledge, this is the highest detection frequency and highest concentrations reported thus far in any avian species or populations. Dechlorane Plus (DP) isomers were also particularly abundant (anti-DP detected in 100% and syn-DP in 93% of livers). Other detected FR compounds (3-14% detection) included 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EHTBB), hexachlorocyclopentenyl-dibromocyclooctane (HCDBCO) and β-1,2-dibromo-4-(1.2-dibromoethyl)-cyclohexane (β-TBECH). Mean BDE-209 (57.2 ± 12.2 ng/g ww) in ring-billed gull livers was unexpectedly high for this midtrophic gull species, exceeding levels reported in several apex raptors such as peregrine falcons. BDE-209's relative contribution to ∑PBDEs was on average 25% (exceeding BDE-47 and BDE-99) and contrasted with profiles typically reported for fish-eating gull species. The present study highlighted preoccupying gaps in upcoming FR regulations and stressed the need for further investigation of the sources of FR exposure in highly urbanized areas.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Flame Retardants in Urban-Feeding Ring-Billed Gulls from the St. Lawrence River, Canada

Gentes

Letcher

Caron-Beaudoin

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Flame retardants (FRs) are chemicals used in combustible materials such as plastics, wood, paper, textiles and electronic goods to increase their fire resistance (Alaee et al, 2003;Chen et al, 2012). Brominated FRs (BFRs) are abundantly used due to their low cost and high performance efficiency (Alaee et al, 2003;Birnbaum and Staskal, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a group of brominated flame retardants as novel androgen receptor antagonists and potential neuronal and endocrine disrupters

Kharlyngdoh

Pradhan

Asnake

et al. 2015

Environment International

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“…Plasma samples (0.038-0.120 g), egg samples (0.48-1.03 g), and dosing solutions (200 ml) were accurately weighed, and neutral fractions were extracted and cleaned up using established methodologies [23,24]. In brief, plasma samples were spiked with 50 ng of each of the internal standards (BDE-30 and -156), acidified, denatured, and liquid-liquid extracted with 50% (v/v) methyl tert-butyl ether/hexane.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual variation in body burden, lipid status, and reproductive investment is related to maternal transfer of a brominated diphenyl ether (BDE‐99) to eggs in the zebra finch

Eng¹,

Elliott²,

Letcher³

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Avian eggs are exposed to hydrophobic contaminants through maternal transfer. How maternal transfer of contaminants within a species is influenced by individual variation in characteristics such as body burden, yolk precursor levels, or reproductive investment is not understood. The authors investigated sources of variation in the maternal transfer of 2,2 0 ,4,4 0 ,5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99) in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). The authors dosed adult female zebra finches with levels of BDE-99 relevant to exposure in wild birds (0, 33.7 or 173.8 ng/g body wt/d) for three weeks prior to pairing. Maternal BDE-99 and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in plasma were measured during egg formation and at clutch completion, and BDE-99 was measured in the corresponding egg. The lipid-normalized egg-to-maternal tissue BDE-99 relationship decreased with increasing maternal burden. Individual variation in maternal VLDL was related to BDE-99 transfer to the eggs when BDE-99 was at background levels in control birds, but not when BDE-99 was elevated in dosed birds. The decrease in maternal plasma BDE-99 over the laying period was only significant ( p < 0.05) in the high-dose birds. Finally, the decrease in BDE-99 in maternal plasma during egg-laying was significantly positively correlated with clutch mass in the high-dose group. These results suggest that the relationship between maternal and egg contaminant levels can be highly variable. This has significant implications for using eggs as indicators of adult or environmental concentrations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:345-352. # 2012 SETAC

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Flame retardants in eggs of four gull species (Laridae) from breeding sites spanning Atlantic to Pacific Canada

Cited by 89 publications

References 36 publications

Novel Flame Retardants in Urban-Feeding Ring-Billed Gulls from the St. Lawrence River, Canada

Novel Flame Retardants in Urban-Feeding Ring-Billed Gulls from the St. Lawrence River, Canada

Identification of a group of brominated flame retardants as novel androgen receptor antagonists and potential neuronal and endocrine disrupters

Individual variation in body burden, lipid status, and reproductive investment is related to maternal transfer of a brominated diphenyl ether (BDE‐99) to eggs in the zebra finch

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