Flame Retardants: An Overview

Abstract

Flame retardant additives are ubiquitous in commercial products. They reduce fire losses by decreasing the likelihood of ignition and the rate of heat release of the products in which they are compounded. This article outlines the definition, applications, and functions of fire retardant additives. It also presents the classes of these chemicals and their market presence and risks.

Effect of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate on the thermal degradation and weathering of intumescent fire‐retardant coating

“…Furthermore, the char was characterized for morphology, composition and functional group analysis. The char expansion was calculated by Equation (1).…”

“…These additives can withstand to reduce the stress of the fire, hinder the rate of combustion of the materials and avert continuous burning. [1][2][3] These added substances consolidated within the polymeric materials are called fire retardant.…”

“…Phosphorus-based fire retardants perform in both the vapor and condensed phase and cooperate accordingly to both chemical and physical mechanisms. 1,9 It is well-identified that both phosphorus and phosphorus born compounds work as preventers of carbon oxidation. 10,11 Current practice is to add fillers/additives with synthetic polymers to enhance the flame retardancy due to low cost and more widely applicable.…”