Flame retardancy of thermoplastic polyesters—a review of the recent literature

Abstract

An overview is presented of the literature on the flame retardancy of thermoplastic polyesters, especially poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). The main focus is on publications of the last fifteen years; however, some earlier work of major importance is discussed as well. Because PET and PBT almost totally convert to volatile fragments upon exposure to heat, providing fuel to the flame, it is a challenging task to flame‐retard these polymers. Although many of the commercially available systems for flame retardancy of PET and PBT consist of a halogen‐containing additive and a synergist, more recent publications and patents emphasize halogen‐free, particularly phosphorus‐based systems. Several phosphorus‐based additive or reactive systems are well‐established for use in PET textiles, and phosphorus‐based additives have recently been introduced for PBT. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry

Preparation and characterization of an aromatic polyester/polyaniline composite and its improved counterpart

“…This study focuses on the effects of functionalized PANI on the electrochemical behavior and conducting properties of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)-based composite materials. PBT is a thermoplastic, semicrystalline polymer with excellent processability; it has been used widely in structural materials in the electrical, electronics, and automotive industries [14,15]. The ongoing practical demands for higher performance materials in various advanced industries has led to the development of new PBT-based composites with additional functional properties, such as high electrical conductivity, antibacterial activity and flame retardance [16][17][18].…”

Interaction of a phosphorus‐based FR, a nanoclay and PA6—Part 1: Interaction of FR and nanoclay

“…Organophosphorus fire retardants and their interactions with commodity plastics such as polyamides and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) have been investigated in great details [1][2][3]. Comprehensive understanding of the chemical and physical events governing the fire behaviour is of great importance both for interpretation of the fire-retardant mechanisms and further improvement and design of these additives.…”

Curing of epoxy resin with poly(m‐phenylene methylphosphonate)

“…1 Since the POH bond can add to the epoxy group, this reaction can be used to attach hydrogen phosphonates or phosphinates to epoxy resin. The only example of a commercially available reactant of this type is 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO).…”