Flame Retardancy of Nylon 6 Fibers: A Review

Guo, Xiaocheng; Liu, Linjing; Feng, Haisheng; Li, Dinghua; Xia, Zhonghua; Yang, Rongjie

doi:10.3390/polym15092161

Polymers

2023

DOI: 10.3390/polym15092161

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Flame Retardancy of Nylon 6 Fibers: A Review

Xiaocheng Guo

Linjing Liu

Haisheng Feng

et al.

Abstract: As synthetic fibers with superior performances, nylon 6 fibers are widely used in many fields. Due to the potential fire hazard caused by flammability, the study of the flame retardancy of nylon 6 fibers has been attracting more and more attention. The review has summarized the present research status of flame-retarded nylon 6 fibers from three aspects: intrinsic flame-retarded nylon 6, nylon 6 composites, and surface strategies of nylon 6 fibers/fabrics. The current main focus is still how to balance the appl… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

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Flame‐Retardant Properties and Characterization of Nylon/Tannic Acid Electrospun Fibers

Thum,

Tighe,

Weise

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

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Incorporating flame‐retardant compounds into polymeric composites is a key area of materials research. Halogenated flame‐retardants are most widely used; however, they are under scrutiny due to health and environmental concerns which increases interest in eco‐friendly alternatives. Tannic acid (TA) is a naturally occurring polyphenol with flame‐retardant properties. To overcome current challenges incorporating TA into polymer composites at high concentrations, nonwoven mats of nylon/TA composite nanofibers are fabricated using electrospinning. TA is incorporated at concentrations up to 50 wt% while maintaining uniform fiber morphology. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows TA within the nanofibers degrades at 230 °C and nylon degrades at 400 °C, irrespective of the initial TA concentration. Char yield increases with the concentration of TA, resulting in a maximum of 25% for fibers containing 50 wt% TA. Flame resistance is characterized using microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) which shows composite fibers have reduced heat capacity and total heat release (THR) indicating flame resistance at ≥75 rel. wt%. Finally, ignition tests and condensed phase analysis show that TA acts as an intumescent material when embedded within the polymer matrix which produces an insulating foam‐like char under direct heat that eliminates flaming melt dripping and results in self‐extinguishing nanofibers.

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Flame‐Retardant Properties and Characterization of Nylon/Tannic Acid Electrospun Fibers

Thum,

Tighe,

Weise

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

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Sustainable biocomposites from pyrolyzed lignin and recycled nylon 6 with enhanced flame retardant behavior: Studies on manufacturing and quality performance evaluation

Muir,

Tripathi,

Rodriguez‐Uribe

et al. 2024

SPE Polymers

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The recycled nylon (RN)‐based biocomposites were fabricated by adding 25% lignin biocarbon. Lignin was pyrolyzed at 300, 600, and 900°C to produce Lig300, Lig600, and Lig900 biocarbon (BioC) samples, respectively. Higher functionality of Lig600 (unlike Lig900) allowed for improved interfacial interaction with the polar nylon matrix. Mechanical properties were further enhanced for RN_Lig600 composite with enhanced flexural and tensile strength by 18% and 8%, respectively, compared to neat polymer (RN). RN_Lig900 composite showed enhancement in tensile and flexural modulus by 32.6% and 51.1%, respectively, compared to RN. Incorporation of Lig900 in RN matrix resulted in 77.9% reduction in burning rate compared to RN. These results show the potential of lignin BioC as a filler in RN composites for flame retardant applications and mechanical enhancement, such as in the automotive industry.Highlights Effect of pyrolysis temperatures (300, 600, and 900°C) on lignin biomass. Composites prepared from recycled polyamide 6 from carpet waste and biocarbon. Improved interfacial adhesion of 600°C biocarbon with recycled nylon matrix. Enhanced thermal, mechanical properties, reduced flammability of biocomposites. Sustainable biocomposites with 900°C biocarbon reduced burning rate by 78%.

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Durable Multifunctional Modification of Nylon Fabric with Excellent Flame Retardancy, Antibacterial and UV-Resistant Properties

Lei,

Fang,

Liu

2023

Fibers Polym

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Flame Retardancy of Nylon 6 Fibers: A Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Flame‐Retardant Properties and Characterization of Nylon/Tannic Acid Electrospun Fibers

Flame‐Retardant Properties and Characterization of Nylon/Tannic Acid Electrospun Fibers

Sustainable biocomposites from pyrolyzed lignin and recycled nylon 6 with enhanced flame retardant behavior: Studies on manufacturing and quality performance evaluation

Durable Multifunctional Modification of Nylon Fabric with Excellent Flame Retardancy, Antibacterial and UV-Resistant Properties

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