Flame retardancy of glass fiber reinforced high temperature polyamide by use of aluminum diethylphosphinate: thermal and thermo-oxidative effects

Abstract

Glass fiber reinforced polyamide (PA) 6 T/DT flame retarded with aluminum diethylphosphinate (AlPi) was tested to assess its flame retardant properties. Models for the decomposition of PA 6T/DT with and without AlPi are presented. Thermal decomposition was measured by performing TGA with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy in the condensed phase. Fire behavior was studied using a cone calorimeter and flammability was tested with UL 94 and the limiting oxygen index. AlPi works as an effective flame retardant for glass fiber reinforced PA 6T/DT materials, acting in the gas phase. Also observed was condensed-phase action, which occurs especially under oxidative conditions before the samples ignite.

Flame Retardancy of PA6 Using a Guanidine Sulfamate/Melamine Polyphosphate Mixture

“…(b) spectra [22][23][24][25][26]. The presented spectra are those that have been collected at the characteristic temperatures of degradation of the material previously determined according to the TG analyses.…”

Outlining the mechanism of flame retardancy in polyamide 66 blended with melamine-poly(zinc phosphate)

“…Our investigation has been focussed on the elucidation of flame retardancy mechanism of S400 and aluminium phosphinate (1:2 ratio, total 18 wt% of flame retardants) blended glass fibre reinforced polyamide-66. There are several comprehensive reports on mechanistic aspects of melamine based flame retardants in polyamides [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Our study has been supported by parallel investigation on decomposition of neat S400, and single additive (S400) blended glass fibre reinforced polyamide-66.…”

“…4 and compared with PA66/GF. Identification of gases in the FTIR spectra is based on earlier reports and relating to characteristic bands [26,29,31,[34][35][36]. Neat PA66/GF shows no significant evolution of volatiles until 30 min ($300 1C).…”

“…(λ Cu Kα ¼ 1.5418 Å, 40 keV, 25 mA) in configuration 2-theta/theta. The acquisition parameters were as follows: a step of 0.021, a step time of 2 s. 31 …”

Mikroplastik in Binnengewässern

“…Beispiele neuerer Untersuchungen finden sich z. B. in Pawlowski und Schartel (2008), Zhu et al (2008a,b), Braun et al (2010) und Seefeldt et al (2013). Je komplexer die Zusammensetzung der zu untersuchenden Proben wird, desto schwieriger wird die Dateninterpretation und beschränkt sich zunehmend auf Hauptkomponenten.…”