Flame propagation in ducts

Newman, Jeffrey S.; Tewarson, A.

doi:10.1016/0010-2180(83)90112-8

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The Froude number can easily change from 20 down to about 1 or 2, when the ratio avg cf T T   / starts to comply with equation (9). This movement in the early stage of the fire has also been observed in the data from the Memorial tunnel.…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

Temperature stratification in tunnels

Nyman

Ingason

2012

Fire Safety Journal

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An investigation of previously established correlations between gas temperature distribution and smoke stratification in mines has been carried out for tunnel applications. The investigated correlations are based on excess gas temperature ratios and Froude number scaling. This paper describes a comparison between two large scale tests carried out in a road tunnel and two well defined model scale tests. In each of the tests, a longitudinal flow was maintained. The temperature data obtained at different locations and different heights have been used for the comparison. A good correspondence between the experimental data and the correlations has been found when the gas temperature data were used. However, the correspondence between the previously established correlation of gas temperature stratification and Froude number, was not reliable. It is postulated that the main reason for this may be the way the experiments were carried out. New correlations between the temperature stratification and the Froude number are also explored.

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supporting

confidence: 53%

Temperature stratification in tunnels

Nyman

Ingason

2012

Fire Safety Journal

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“…This assumption was shown to be sufficiently accurate for fires in small-scale tunnels and ducts [26], since their small height prevents significant stratification. However, in larger-scale ducts, stratification is much more likely to occur as the temperature variation of the gases within is greater.…”

Section: Flame Spread With Turbulent Slug Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These terms are used interchangeably in some studies [e.g. 26,28], which can cause a lack of clarity about which mechanism is being discussed.…”

Section: Modes Of Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to integrate the concept of radiative heat transfer into these flame spread models, Newman and Tewarson [26] developed a heat flow parameter to describe material ignition based on its critical ignition heat flux and dimensionless distance downstream. This theory was used in many future scaling theories and ignition models [44,45].…”

Section: Ignition Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In turbulent slug flow it is assumed that the ignition conditions and fire propagation are controlled by the average gas temperature downstream. This assumption has been shown to be sufficiently accurate for duct fires [26], since their small height prevents significant stratification.…”

Section: Flame Spread With Stratificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fires in Ducts: A review of the early research which underpins modern tunnel fire safety engineering

Byrne

Georgieva

Carvel

2018

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

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Temperature difference due to stratification (K) ∆ Local gas temperature rise (K) ∆ %&'Average gas temperature rise (K) AbstractMuch of the early research which now underpins tunnel fire safety design was carried out experimentally, using small scale ducts. This paper reviews such experiments, mostly carried out in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, highlighting the assumptions and limitations of the early studies, which may have been forgotten as the equations developed have been applied in practice in the subsequent years. The review covers three primary topics; fire propagation under 'turbulent slug flow' conditions, stratification & flame spread, and backlayering & critical ventilation velocity.

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Fires in Vehicle Tunnels

Carvel

Ingason²

2016

SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering

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Flame propagation in ducts

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

Temperature stratification in tunnels

Temperature stratification in tunnels

Fires in Ducts: A review of the early research which underpins modern tunnel fire safety engineering

Fires in Vehicle Tunnels

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