Flame Photometer Techniques-Determining Typical Additives in Petroleum Oils

Abstract

A flame photometer method for determining alkali and alkaline earth elements in inhibited lubricating oils is described which permits atomization of samples in organic media. This greatly reduces the time required for sample preparation and eliminates many possible causes of contamination.

Determination of Water-Extractable Sodium in Liquid Hydrocarbons

“…If they can be detected and are neglected, they will limit the accuracy of analytical results. The effects described here result from the valence state of the atom, and differ from the effects ascribed to heterogeneity by Claisse (2).…”

A simple flame-photometer of high sensitivity

“…The ensuing enhancement of brightness is pro" portional to the concentration. At small concentration values the interference effect is very slight, hence it has often been neglected [8,13 ]. Ah other cause of the interference effects lies in the ennssion of some weak spectral bands.…”

“…Several papers deal with the interference problems [13,14] of various alkaline determinations, mostly with the interference of two components [1,2] etc.…”

A Flame Spectrophotometric Method for Sodium, Potassium, and Calcium in Fuel Oil.

“…These methods require a large amount of time and are subject to error from sample contamination or volatilization ( ). Direct flame spectrophotometric methods have been applied to the determination of additive elements in lubricating oils (1,4) and various metals in crude oil (7). This research was conducted to develop a rapid and accurate method of determining sodium, potassium, and calcium in distillate fuel oils.…”