Flame Photographs of Light Load Combustion Point the Way to Reduction of Hydrocarbons in Exhaust Gas

Wentworth, J. T.; Daniel, W. A.

doi:10.1080/00966665.1955.10467694

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, under extended deceleration, these GM researchers did not observe drastic changes in A/F ratios; thus, this fuel volatilization explanation alone is inadequate in explaining the high deceleration emissions. Rather, they believed the main cause of these high HC emissions to be poor flame propagation throughout the combustion chamber when the manifold vacuum is very high, citing evidence from recent flame photography studies [57].…”

Section: Effects Of Engine Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Emissions and Air Quality: The Early Years (1940s–1950s)

Hoekman

Welstand

2021

Atmosphere

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During the 1940s, an unusual form of air pollution was experienced in the Los Angeles (LA) area of Southern California. Referred to as LA smog, this pollution differed from previously known air pollution with respect to its temporal patterns (daytime formation and nighttime dissipation), eye irritation, high oxidant levels, and plant damage. Early laboratory and field experimentation discovered the photochemical origins of LA smog. Though mechanistic understanding was incomplete, it was determined that hydrocarbon (HC) compounds in the atmosphere participate in smog formation, enabling build-up of higher ozone concentrations than would otherwise occur. It being a significant source, there was great interest in characterizing and controlling HC emissions from motor vehicles. Considerable work was done in the 1940s and 1950s to understand how emissions varied with vehicle operating conditions and deterioration of engine components. During this time, procedures were developed (and improved) to sample and quantify vehicle emissions. Besides exhaust, HC emissions from crankcase blowby, carburetor evaporation, and fuel tank losses were measured and characterized. Initial versions of both catalytic and non-catalytic exhaust after-treatment systems were developed. The knowledge gained from this pre-1960 work laid the foundation for many advancements that reduced vehicle emissions and improved air quality during subsequent decades.

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Section: Effects Of Engine Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Emissions and Air Quality: The Early Years (1940s–1950s)

Hoekman

Welstand

2021

Atmosphere

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“…Slow combustion and misfire have been known for some time to adversely affect efficiency, performance, and emissions in spark ignition engines under marginal combustion conditions (Quader, 1976;Rado and Johnson, 1975;Wentworth and Daniel, 1964;Peters, 1979). Under normal combustion conditions, however, it has generally been thought that flame propagation was complete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Engine HC Emissions Modeling: Partial Burn Effects

Lavoie¹,

Adamczyk²,

Kaiser³

et al. 1986

Combustion Science and Technology

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A comparison of predicted and experimental H C emissions at high rates of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), indicates that partial burning is responsible for significant changes in H C emission trends under otherwise normal, non-misfiring engine operating conditions. Ionprobe experiments show a measurable fraction of engine cycles in which the flame did not completely propagate across the chamber whenever HC emissions were high. A simple semi-empirical model is proposed to predict H C emissions from partial burning based on measured burn rate parameters.

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Where Are All Those Gadgets Going?

Heinen¹

1971

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Flame Photographs of Light Load Combustion Point the Way to Reduction of Hydrocarbons in Exhaust Gas

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Vehicle Emissions and Air Quality: The Early Years (1940s–1950s)

Vehicle Emissions and Air Quality: The Early Years (1940s–1950s)

Engine HC Emissions Modeling: Partial Burn Effects

Where Are All Those Gadgets Going?

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