Flame emission, atomic absorption, and atomic fluorescence spectrometry

Glass frit nebulizer for atomic spectrometry

“…A wide range of droplet sizes is produced by these nebulizers. Because the larger droplets are lost in transport, this results in inefficient sample delivery (2). The process of droplet size discrimination within the spray chamber may also be related to several interelement interferences (3).…”

Inorganic and geological materials

“…A critical and comprehensive look at these subjects and numerous others is included in the Fundamental review by Hieftje and Copeland (85); a guide to the massive literature and applications continue to be available in the "Annual Reports on Analytical Atomic Spectroscopy" (64).…”

“…The role of reference materials in analysis has been reviewed by Uriano and Selected recent references concerning SRM are collected in Appendix E. Sources of reference materials have been compiled by Beeghly et al (ES) and Jenkins (E15). Lists of reference samples for the earth sciences have been compiled by Flanagan (Ell) and were made available by Sandell and Onishi (206, pp 180-182) and Reeves and Brooks (D5, pp [82][83][84][85]. Recently issued earth science standards have appeared in numerous papers in recent issues of Geostandards Newsletter.…”

Instrumental analysis in waste water treatment

“…Another disadvantage is that only one metal can be determined at a time. Various techniques for dealing with these problems have been widely reported in the literature, and reviews have been published in this JOURNAL (7,8).…”

“…Increasing interest in ultra trace concentrations of metals in the environment has resulted in the use of several techniques for enhancing the sensitivity of AAS analyses. Perhaps the best known are the various microsam-pIe devices consisting of various electrically or flame-heated boats, ribbons, cups, and furnaces (7,8). By far, the most popular has been the electrically heated graphite tube based on the original concept ofL'Vov (9).…”