Flame-assisted fuel cells running methane

Wang, Kang; Milcarek, Ryan J.; Zeng, Pingying; Ahn, Jeongmin

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.01.128

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…given flow velocity, power density is constrained by low OCV at low equivalence ratio, and by low temperature at high equivalence ratio. These trends are similar to those reported previously [6,18]. After determining that the highest power was achieved for flow velocity of 300 cm s -1 and equivalence ratio of 1.8 (Figure 4c), a fresh cell was tested under these conditions at various burner-to-cell gaps to access a variety of cell temperature.…”

Section: Cell Positionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Very high power density is reported for methane and propane at high equivalence ratios [18,19], although soot and coke formation is a concern at this operating condition. At lower equivalence ratios, where stable operation with no carbon deposition on the cell is expected, moderate power density in the range 100 to 500 mW cm -2 is typical (see Figure 6b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells operated in direct-flame configuration

Tucker

Ying

2017

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFC) with infiltrated catalysts on both anode and cathode side are operated in direct-flame configuration, with a propane flame impinging on the anode. Placing thermal insulation on the cathode dramatically increases cell temperature and performance. The optimum burner-to-cell gap height is a strong function of flame conditions. Cell performance at the optimum gap is determined within the region of stable non-coking conditions, with equivalence ratio from 1 to 1.9 and flow velocity from 100 to 300 cm s . The cell starts to produce power within 10 s of being placed in the flame, and displays stable performance over 10 extremely rapid thermal cycles. The cell provides stable performance for >20 h of semi-continuous operation.

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Section: Cell Positionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells operated in direct-flame configuration

Tucker

Ying

2017

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…To avoid the sealing challenges a single chamber configuration (Priestnall et al, 2002;Raz et al, 2002;Riess 2008;Riess et al, 1995) and a no-chamber, Direct Flame Fuel Cell (DFFC) (Endo and Nakamura 2014;Horiuchi et al, 2004;Kronemayer et al, 2007;Sun et al, 2010;Vogler et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2014b;Wang et al, 2013;Yu-guang Wang et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2014a;Zhu et al 2012), have been proposed. While the DFFC configuration can perform rapid startup and thermal cycling, challenges persist with low fuel utilization, electrical efficiency, and thermal stresses due to an uneven temperature distribution of the flame over the fuel cell surface (Wang et al, 2015(Wang et al, , 2011Wang et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-tubular flame-assisted fuel cells

Milcarek

Garrett

Ahn

2017

JFST

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Micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells operating in fuel-rich combustion exhaust are explored in this work and their benefits in reducing the balance of plant in fuel cell systems is discussed. The current state of performance of these micro-tubular flame-assisted fuel cells operating with methane fuel is described and the benefits of operating in propane fuel are explored. An experimental investigation of propane combustion at different fuel/air equivalence ratios is conducted. Temperature measurements of the propane combustion are recorded with thermocouples while the gas species present in the exhaust are measured with a gas chromatograph. Propane is found to have advantages over methane due to a higher upper flammability limit and higher percentages of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, i.e. syngas, generated in the combustion exhaust. A micro-tubular flame-assisted fuel cell is tested using the four probe technique in model propane combustion exhaust at different equivalence ratios and temperatures. A method for comparing the performance of the fuel cell in the combustion exhaust to a hydrogen fuel baseline is developed and comparisons are made. The benefits of operating in propane compared to methane are explored with the potential for fuels like propane and butane being distinguished by their higher upper flammability limits and potential for higher concentrations of syngas in the combustion exhaust.

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“…The homogenous gas velocity and the stability of the flame are the key advantages of this DFFC setup compared to Bunsen-type burner (4,6,14). The Bunsen-type burners typically provide cone-shaped flame, therefore the flame temperature and gas composition across the DFFCs are not uniform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Direct Flame Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Using Flat Burner and Ethylene Flame

et al. 2015

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This paper presents an experimental investigation of direct flame solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) by using a flat-flame burner and fuelrich ethylene/air premixed flames. A direct flame fuel cell (DFFC) setup is designed and implemented to measure electrochemical characteristics of electrolyte supported (i.e., single cell consisting of Ce 0.9 Ni 0.1 O 2-δ anode/GDC electrolyte/LSCF-GDC cathode) fuel cell. The fuel cell temperature and cell performance were investigated by operating various fuel/air equivalence ratios and varying distance between burner surface and the fuel cell. A maximum power density of 41 mW/cm 2 and current density of 121 mA/cm 2 were achieved. Experimental results suggest that the fuel cell performance was greatly influenced by the flame operating conditions and cell position in the flame. The uniformity of the flame temperature and the fuel cell stability were also investigated and calculations of equilibrium gas species composition were performed.

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Flame-assisted fuel cells running methane

Cited by 42 publications

References 21 publications

Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells operated in direct-flame configuration

Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells operated in direct-flame configuration

Micro-tubular flame-assisted fuel cells

Study on Direct Flame Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Using Flat Burner and Ethylene Flame

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