Flagging greens:hydrobiid snails as substrata for the development of green algal mats (Enteromorpha spp.) on tidal flats of North Atlantic coasts

Schories, Dirk; Aníbal, J.; Chapman, Annelise S.; Herre, Elisabeth; Isaksson, Ingela; Lillebø, Ana I.; Pihl, Leif; Reise, Karsten; Sprung, Martin; Thiel, Martín

doi:10.3354/meps199127

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It has been shown that only coarse sediment is suitable as a substratum for E. prolifera zoospores, and that subsequent germination (Schories 1995) and stable substrata that remain at the illuminated sediment surface are essential for small prop- agules to germinate (Schories et al 2000). It is likely that thalli buried in the sediment are crucial additions to the propagule bank for the impending bloom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and estuarine environments worldwide (e.g., Fletcher 1996, Schories et al 2000Charlier et al 2007). In addition to having negative effects on tourism, large algal mats can also have deleterious ecological effects, including the uncoupling of biogeochemical cycles in sediments from those in water column (Valiela et al 1997), a negative impact on seagrass beds due to shading, disruption of feeding by wading birds (Raffaelli et al 1998), development of a lethal environment due to oxygen deficiency (Charlier et al 2007), and a shift from a high-diversity mixture to low-diversity assemblages of fast-growing annuals (Worm et al 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Somatic cells serve as a potential propagule bank of Enteromorpha prolifera forming a green tide in the Yellow Sea, China

et al. 2009

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For the last 2 years, vast accumulations of the unattached filamentous green alga, Enteromorpha prolifera, have occurred during summer along the coastal region of the Yellow Sea, China. However, algae do not seem to occur after the end of the fertile season. It has been suggested that banks of microscopic forms of the algae, primarily spores, function as a survival mechanism for this opportunistic alga. Therefore, in this study, field surveys and laboratory cultures were conducted to determine if somatic cells were serving as a propagule bank to enable the algae to survive through periods of unfavorable conditions. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that somatic regeneration was one of the most important approaches by which E. prolifera colonized and flourished in the study area. Indeed, at least 19.32% of somatic cells from the filamentous segments could survive for 2 months under various temperatures (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30°C at an irradiance of 60µmol photons m −2 s −1 ) and irradiances (darkness, 5 10, 15, 20 and 30µmol photons m −2 s −1 at a temperature of 20°C). Additionally, greater than 35.85% of the somatic cells could survive at 0°C or in darkness for 2 months, and no less than 15.99% of these cells resumed growth when the temperature and irradiance were adjusted to the normal levels (20°C and 60µmol photons m −2 s −1 ). Furthermore, the results of field surveys revealed that viable E. prolifera was widespread in high quantities in the sediment of the Yellow Sea when the macroalga was absent. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that somatic cells may act as an overwintering stage for the annual spring bloom of E. prolifera. These findings should be useful in future studies conducted to behavior of somatic cells in green tide as well as in the management of future spring blooms of E. prolifera.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Somatic cells serve as a potential propagule bank of Enteromorpha prolifera forming a green tide in the Yellow Sea, China

et al. 2009

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“…Hydrobia spp. ; Schories et al 2000). In late summer, up to 50% of the shallow embayments are covered by algal mats that float at the water surface (Pihl et al 1999).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Links Between Bottom-Water Anoxia, the Polychaete Nereis diversicolor, and the Growth of Green-Algal Mats

Engelsen

Sundbäck

Hulth

2010

Estuaries and Coasts

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Sediment-water incubations were used to study effects of episodic anoxia on filamentous Ulva sp. Treatments included undisturbed sediment with (AnoxSed) and without (NatSed) exposure to 5 days of anoxia, and cores with only the top 0.5 cm of sediment (SurfSed; no macrofauna, restricted pore-water nutrient pool). All three treatments contained Ulva propagules. An Ulva mat developed in the SurfSed, and after the anoxic period in the AnoxSed cores. No growth was observed in the NatSed treatment. In the AnoxSed, Ulva was progressively removed upon reoxygenation through grazing by Nereis. The results suggest that episodic anoxia stimulates the growth of macroalgal mats not only by increasing the availability of nutrients from the sediment, but also by reducing macrofaunal grazing pressure. Infauna (grazing and bioturbation), benthic microalgae (nutrient competition and retention), and pore-water nutrients appear key components in a biogeochemical network with complex feedbacks controlling the growth of green-algal mats in shallow-water systems.

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“…vary strongly with season and locations, e.g. from 440 ± 260 individuals m -2 in June 1996 to 35,520-14,544 individuals m -2 in August 1996 (Schories et al, 2000). Herbivore densities were established based on a combination of the size of the animals relative to the size of the experimental unit, their natural densities per surface area and the amount of seaweed biomass that could be placed in each unit.…”

Section: Grazersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesograzers prefer mostly native seaweeds over the invasive brown seaweed Sargassum muticum

et al. 2011

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Introduced algae form globally an increasing problem. Grazing on invaders could provide communities with resistance to algal invasions. In this study, we experimentally tested the food choice of mesoherbivores for native macroalgae versus the invader Sargassum muticum. We performed food choice experiments with common grazers (Gammarus insensibilis, Hydrobia ulvae and Stenosoma nadejda) and both the brown algal invader Sargassum muticum and its native macroalgal competitors, from both the south (Cystoseira humilis, Stypocaulon scoparium, Cladostephus spongiosus, Dictyota dichotoma, Dictyopteris polypodioides, Sargassum vulgare) and southwest (Cystoseira humilis) coast of Portugal. We tested whether (i) the invader affects the growth rates of native macro algae, and (ii) the grazers have a food preference for S. muticum compared to native macroalgae. The presence of S. muticum did not affect the growth rates of any of the native species. Grazers affected the growth rate of all seaweeds, but S. muticum had the highest growth rates with and without grazers. For the south coast set of species, Stypocaulon scoparium was the most and S. muticum was the least or among the least preferred by grazers. The grazers from the southwest coast did not show a specific preference for C. humilis or S. muticum. Contrary to our expectations the food choice of mesoherbivores may provide S. muticum with some competitive advantage on the Portuguese south coast, but this may not be applicable to the Southwest communities.

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Flagging greens:hydrobiid snails as substrata for the development of green algal mats (Enteromorpha spp.) on tidal flats of North Atlantic coasts

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Somatic cells serve as a potential propagule bank of Enteromorpha prolifera forming a green tide in the Yellow Sea, China

Somatic cells serve as a potential propagule bank of Enteromorpha prolifera forming a green tide in the Yellow Sea, China

Links Between Bottom-Water Anoxia, the Polychaete Nereis diversicolor, and the Growth of Green-Algal Mats

Mesograzers prefer mostly native seaweeds over the invasive brown seaweed Sargassum muticum

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