Flagellar Synthesis in<i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>: Requirement for Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis

Aamodt, Lila; Eisenstadt, Jerome M.

doi:10.1128/jb.96.4.1079-1088.1968

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The production of flagellar protein requires the concomitant synthesis of RNA in S . Typhimurium (Aamodt and Eisenstadt, 1968 ). Because polyamines in a polyamine–RNA complex in cells are essential for RNA synthesis and functions (Igarashi and Kashiwagi, 2010 ; Lenis et al, 2017 ), it is reasonably assumed that the unbalanced metabolism of polyamines could interfere with the flagellation of S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

speG Is Required for Intracellular Replication of Salmonella in Various Human Cells and Affects Its Polyamine Metabolism and Global Transcriptomes

Fang

Huang

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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The speG gene has been reported to regulate polyamine metabolism in Escherichia coli and Shigella, but its role in Salmonella remains unknown. Our preliminary studies have revealed that speG widely affects the transcriptomes of infected in vitro M and Caco-2 cells and that it is required for the intracellular replication of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) in HeLa cells. In this study, we demonstrated that speG plays a time-dependent and cell type-independent role in the intracellular replication of S. Typhimurium. Moreover, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of four major polyamines demonstrated putrescine, spermine, and cadaverine as the leading polyamines in S. Typhimurium. The deletion of speG significantly increased the levels of the three polyamines in intracellular S. Typhimurium, suggesting the inhibitory effect of speG on the biosynthesis of these polyamines. The deletion of speG was associated with elevated levels of these polyamines in the attenuated intracellular replication of S. Typhimurium in host cells. This result was subsequently validated by the dose-dependent suppression of intracellular proliferation after the addition of the polyamines. Furthermore, our RNA transcriptome analysis of S. Typhimurium SL1344 and its speG mutant outside and inside Caco-2 cells revealed that speG regulates the genes associated with flagellar biosynthesis, fimbrial expression, and functions of types III and I secretion systems. speG also affects the expression of genes that have been rarely reported to correlate with polyamine metabolism in Salmonella, including those associated with the periplasmic nitrate reductase system, glucarate metabolism, the phosphotransferase system, cytochromes, and the succinate reductase complex in S. Typhimurium in the mid-log growth phase, as well as those in the ilv–leu and histidine biosynthesis operons of intracellular S. Typhimurium after invasion in Caco-2 cells. In the present study, we characterized the phenotypes and transcriptome effects of speG in S. Typhimurium and reviewed the relevant literature to facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the potential role of speG in the polyamine metabolism and virulence regulation of Salmonella.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

speG Is Required for Intracellular Replication of Salmonella in Various Human Cells and Affects Its Polyamine Metabolism and Global Transcriptomes

Fang

Huang

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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“…More recently, Aamodt and Eisenstadt (1) found that actinomycin D, which inhibits RNA and protein synthesis by 99% in S. typhimurium, prevents flagellar regeneration. These combined results imply that synthesis of flagellar protein is less sensitive than that of other cell proteins to certain inhibitors.…”

Section: Ciation a Similar Argument Holds For G-actin Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-assembly of biological structures.

Kushner¹

1969

Bacteriological Reviews

131

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“…This includes the demonstration of stable membrane-bound polysomes in sporulating Bacillus subtilis (2), Act D-resistant sporulation in B. subtilis (21), and synthesis of penicillinase in the absence of RNA synthesis by B. licheniformis (23,24). Stable mRNA-directed synthesis of B. subtilis (15) and Salmonella typhimurium (14) flagella has been suggested, although further work has indicated that RNA synthesis is indeed required for flagellin synthesis in B. subtilis (8) and in S. typhimurium (1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stable Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and Germination ofMyxococcus xanthusMicrocysts

Ramsey

Dworkin

1970

J Bacteriol

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We have examined germination, protein synthesis and ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis by microcysts of the fruiting myxobacterium Myxococcus xanthus . The morphological aspects of microcyst formation were completed at about 2 hr after induction had begun. In such microcysts, germination, RNA synthesis, and protein synthesis were inhibited by actinomycin D (Act D). At 6 hr after induction, germination and protein synthesis had become relatively resistant to Act D, whereas RNA synthesis was inhibited by about 95%. Experiments with 3 H-Act D indicated that the deoxyribonucleic acids of both young and old microcysts bind Act D equally. Resistance of germination to Act D was acquired 4 to 5 hr after induction of microcyst formation, and was due to an Act D-sensitive synthesis at that time. Vegetative cells and microcysts were pulsed with uridine- 5 - 3 H and chased for 60 min; the RNA was extracted and analyzed by means of sucrose density gradient centrifugation and gel electrophoresis. Both microcysts and vegetative cells were found to contain grossly the same types of RNA in the same proportions. RNA pulse-labeled in microcysts was more stable than that in vegetative cells. No particular portions of the microcyst pulse-labeled RNA were selectively stabilized. These data indicate that a stable messenger RNA required for synthesis of germination proteins was synthesized during microcyst formation. This may be the same as the RNA synthesized 4 to 5 hr after initiation of microcyst formation. We suggest that the existence of such stable messenger RNA in microcysts is consistent with the limited biosynthetic activities of such cells.

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Flagellar Synthesis inSalmonella typhimurium: Requirement for Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

speG Is Required for Intracellular Replication of Salmonella in Various Human Cells and Affects Its Polyamine Metabolism and Global Transcriptomes

speG Is Required for Intracellular Replication of Salmonella in Various Human Cells and Affects Its Polyamine Metabolism and Global Transcriptomes

Self-assembly of biological structures.

Stable Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and Germination ofMyxococcus xanthusMicrocysts

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