Fixed-Frequency Beam Steering Leaky-Wave Antenna With Integrated 2-Bit Phase Shifters

Cao, Xiaowei; Deng, Changjiang; Sarabandi, Kamal

doi:10.1109/tap.2022.3191219

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The proposed design offers continuous control of the phase of the transmitted signal over a wide range of frequencies compared to several independent switching states shown in Ref. [7], [13–15, 19, 23]. Continuous control was demonstrated in Refs.…”

Section: Comparison Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several reconfigurable methods for the control of metamaterials include the use of ferrites in an antenna array system [9], graphene [10], mechanically variable metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors [11], microfluidic channels [12], and CMOS-based active inductors [7,13]. Recently, different designs of reconfigurable NRI-TL phase shifters have been proposed to achieve limited phase shifts using PIN diodes [8,14] and optical switches [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Varactor diodes are used to provide a reconfigurable phase of up to 190°when the bias voltage varies from 0 to 7V. The continuous tuning of the phase provides an advantage over other phase shifters offering discrete phase states [8,[14][15][16], thus enabling the proposed phase shifter to be used in 5G antenna array systems for accurate beam-steering applications. This has been demonstrated by integrating the NRI-TL phase shifter in a two-element antenna array to achieve a continuously steerable beam from −30°to þ30°.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the continuous tuning of the phase demonstrated in this work achieves a lower insertion loss compared to other continuously tuned metamaterial phase shifters [17, 18]. Lastly, the proposed design offers a compact size with a unit cell size of 0.085λ × 0.075λ that aids in the miniaturisation of the overall system, replacing larger phase shifters [14, 16, 19, 20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Reconfigurable inductorless negative‐refractive‐index transmission‐line metamaterial phase shifter for 5G antenna beam‐steering applications

Bilal,

Quddious,

Kanno

et al. 2023

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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A reconfigurable inductorless negative‐refractive‐index transmission‐line (NRI‐TL) metamaterial phase shifter for sub‐6 GHz 5G antenna applications is proposed. The design consists of a microstrip transmission line loaded both in series and in parallel with varactor diodes to provide continuous tuning of the phase of the transmitted signal by varying the bias voltage applied to the varactors, without the need for variable inductor components. The total measured differential phase shift is 190° at 3.2 GHz, with a measured insertion loss of 1.5–2.7 dB in the frequency range of 3.2–3.6 GHz, when the biasing voltage of the varactors is varied between 0 and 7 V. The total size of the microstrip NRI‐TL phase shifter is 19.4 mm × 24 mm. The proposed reconfigurable phase shifter has been incorporated into the feeding network of a two‐element antenna array to demonstrate its use in beam‐steering applications. The measured results for the reconfigurable array show good impedance matching between 3 and 3.35 GHz for all biasing values, allowing continuous beam steering over a scanning range of 60°.

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Section: Comparison Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Reconfigurable inductorless negative‐refractive‐index transmission‐line metamaterial phase shifter for 5G antenna beam‐steering applications

Bilal,

Quddious,

Kanno

et al. 2023

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, the phase arrays with compacted and low-cost performances are critical requirements in the communication domain. The planar beam steering arrays presenting shunt-arrays [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and serial-fed arrays [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] forms with low profile are proposed in recent years. The shunt-fed arrays resemble the amount of the power dividers which leads to the complexity and large-energy loss in the system [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 1-bit phase reconfigurable fixed-frequency wide-angle steering leaky-wave antenna

Han,

Meng,

Wang

et al. 2023

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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A 1-bit phase reconfigurable fixed-frequency beam steering leaky-wave antenna (FBSLWA) with wide-angle steering is proposed in this paper. By controlling two p-i-n diodes on the branches of the element, a stable 180° phase difference is realized. Moreover, the open stop-band effect at the broadside radiation is suppressed by reducing the reflection coefficients of the element. The proposed FBSLWA can achieve wide-angle steering within a frequency bandwidth of 10.4 GHz to 11.8 GHz. As for the measured results, they show that the achievable beam steering ranges of the FBSLWA at 10.4 GHz, 11.0 GHz, and 11.8 GHz are -61° to +59°, -64° to +71°, and -62° to +58° respectively, with measured peak gains of 12.1 dBi, 13.9 dBi, and 11.7 dBi.

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Complex‐Amplitude Programmable Versatile Metasurface Platform Driven by Guided Wave

Han,

Meng,

Guan

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Metasurfaces have shown unparalleled controllability of electromagnetic (EM) waves. However, most of the metasurfaces need external spatial feeding sources, which renders practical implementation quite challenging. Here, a low‐profile programmable metasurface with 0.05λ0 thickness driven by guided waves is proposed to achieve dynamic control of both amplitude and phase simultaneously. The metasurface is fed by a guided wave traveling in a substrate‐integrated waveguide, avoiding external spatial sources and complex power divider networks. By manipulating the state of the p‐i‐n diodes embedded in each meta‐atom, the proposed metasurface enables 1‐bit amplitude switching between radiating and nonradiating states, as well as a 1‐bit phase switching between 0° and 180°. As a proof of concept, two advanced functionalities, namely, low sidelobe‐level beam scanning and Airy beam generation, are experimentally demonstrated with a single platform operating in the far‐ and near‐field respectively. Such complex‐amplitude, programmable, and low‐profile metasurfaces can overcome integration limitations of traditional metasurfaces, and open up new avenues for more accurate and advanced EM wave control within an unprecedented degree of freedom.

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Fixed-Frequency Beam Steering Leaky-Wave Antenna With Integrated 2-Bit Phase Shifters

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Reconfigurable inductorless negative‐refractive‐index transmission‐line metamaterial phase shifter for 5G antenna beam‐steering applications

Reconfigurable inductorless negative‐refractive‐index transmission‐line metamaterial phase shifter for 5G antenna beam‐steering applications

A 1-bit phase reconfigurable fixed-frequency wide-angle steering leaky-wave antenna

Complex‐Amplitude Programmable Versatile Metasurface Platform Driven by Guided Wave

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