Fixation of radioactive chemical sludge in a matrix containing cement and additives

Sinha, Pranay Kumar; Shanmugamani, A.G.; Renganathan, K.; Muthiah, R.

doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2008.12.024

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Both conventional and innovative cementitious waste matrices have been evaluated and practiced, to immobilize evaporator concentrates. The conventional cementitious waste form relies on the use of OPC and one or more additives; typical additives include alkali and alkaline compounds, waste minerals, and clay minerals [21,23,27,36,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. Table 2 summarizes the additives widely used for evaporator concentrates immobilization and their effects on the hydration process and the stabilization of the radio-contaminants [23].…”

Section: Potential Cementitious Immobilization Matrices For Concentratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Sustainable Cementitious Radioactive Waste Forms: Immobilization of Problematic Operational Wastes

Rahman

Ojovan

2021

Sustainability

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Developing effective radioactive waste management practices is essential for ensuring the sustainability of the nuclear industry. The immobilization of radioactive wastes is one of the main activities conducted during the management of these wastes; it aims to produce a durable waste form that has sustainable performance over long periods of time. In this work, the challenges that face the design of durable cementitious waste forms are addressed for problematic operational wastes. In this respect, the problematic characteristics of evaporator concentrates, spent ion exchangers, and organic liquid wastes are overviewed, and the factors that affect the durability of their cementitious waste forms are identified. A summary of potential conventional and innovative cementitious matrices is presented by reviewing the cementation practices in national programs and recent research devoted to developing durable matrices. Finally, a guide to optimize the mix design of these waste forms was proposed that includes the selection of the testing procedure, factors that affect the waste form performance, and the optimization technique. This guide was presented with special focus on leaching tests, which are a means to test the stabilization performance of nuclear waste forms.

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