Five-port equivalent electric circuit of piezoelectric bimorph beam

Piezoelectric Fans Using Higher Flexural Modes for Electronics Cooling Applications

“…In order to understand the effectiveness of the conversion of electrical to mechanical energy, consider a simple equivalent electrical circuit model of the piezoelectric fan shown in Fig. 2 (see for example [14]). The resistance in the equivalent circuit represents the irreversible leakage of electrical energy into electrical and mechanical dissipation, and the inductance represents the mass of the oscillator.…”

“…These losses are best understood through the equivalent electrical circuit [14] with resistance (R), inductance (L), and parallel capacitance (C,C o ) values representing the dissipation, inertial, and storage terms for the system. The resistance contributes to the resistive or the real part of the equivalent circuit impedance, while the inductance and capacitance contribute to the reactive or imaginary part.…”

Analysis of a Piezoelectric Multimorph in Extensional and Flexural Motions

“…where the matrix C in equation (37) is a diagonal matrix with each qth diagonal term representing equation (18). Eliminating the coefficient vector A in equation (32) and using equation (37), we obtain…”

“…Rogacheva et al [16] and Chang and Chou [17] investigated the electromechanical characteristics of symmetric and asymmetric piezoelectric bimorphs. Cho et al [18] presented a five-port impedance matrix and equivalent electric circuit of piezoelectric bimorphs. Tanaka et al [19] formulated basic equations for the multilayer piezoelectric beams in flexural motion using Hamilton's principle and Aoyagi et al [20] presented a block equivalent circuit of bimorph with multiple elastic layer.…”

A low frequency piezoelectric power harvester using a spiral-shaped bimorph

“…One approach is to harvest power from the operating environment [1] . Piezoelectric materials are natural candidates for designing devices that scavenge ambient power by converting mechanical energy into electric energy [1][2][3] for powering small electronic devices of a very low power requirement. Such a piezoelectric device, termed as a piezoelectric generator or power harvester, can be viewed as one half of the structure of a piezoelectric transformer [4][5][6] in which the energy converts twice, i.e., from electrical to mechanical and then from mechanical to electrical.…”