Five hundred million years of extinction and recovery: a phanerozoic survey of large‐scale diversity patterns in fishes

Friedman, Matt; Sallan, Lauren

doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01165.x

Cited by 195 publications

(249 citation statements)

References 247 publications

(488 reference statements)

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“…If this gap in the teleost fossil record is genuine, it may be a direct consequence of a lack of suitable fossil deposits. The nearly 70-million-year span between the mid-Carboniferous and earliest Triassic is characterized by a paucity of species-rich fish Lagerstätten (exceptional fossil deposits yielding abundant articulated material), with existing sites of this age subject to comparatively little research (39). We hope that the recurring disagreement between timescales for the emergence of crown teleosts based on molecular and fossil datasets will encourage renewed paleontological research on this critical stratigraphic interval.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resolution of ray-finned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification

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Eytan

Dornburg

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Ray-finned fishes make up half of all living vertebrate species. Nearly all ray-finned fishes are teleosts, which include most commercially important fish species, several model organisms for genomics and developmental biology, and the dominant component of marine and freshwater vertebrate faunas. Despite the economic and scientific importance of ray-finned fishes, the lack of a single comprehensive phylogeny with corresponding divergence-time estimates has limited our understanding of the evolution and diversification of this radiation. Our analyses, which use multiple nuclear gene sequences in conjunction with 36 fossil age constraints, result in a well-supported phylogeny of all major rayfinned fish lineages and molecular age estimates that are generally consistent with the fossil record. This phylogeny informs three longstanding problems: specifically identifying elopomorphs (eels and tarpons) as the sister lineage of all other teleosts, providing a unique hypothesis on the radiation of early euteleosts, and offering a promising strategy for resolution of the "bush at the top of the tree" that includes percomorphs and other spiny-finned teleosts. Contrasting our divergence time estimates with studies using a single nuclear gene or whole mitochondrial genomes, we find that the former underestimates ages of the oldest ray-finned fish divergences, but the latter dramatically overestimates ages for derived teleost lineages. Our time-calibrated phylogeny reveals that much of the diversification leading to extant groups of teleosts occurred between the late Mesozoic and early Cenozoic, identifying this period as the "Second Age of Fishes."Actinopterygii | molecular clock | species tree | Teleostei | Percomorpha R ay-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) are one of the most successful radiations in the long evolutionary history of vertebrates, yet despite the rapid progress toward reconstructing the Vertebrate Tree of Life, only 5% of the ray-finned fish phylogeny is resolved with strong support (1). Actinopterygii contains more than 30,000 species (2), with all but 50 being teleosts (3). Compared with other large vertebrate radiations, such as mammals (4) or birds (5), a general consensus on the phylogenetic relationships and timing of diversification among the major actinopterygian and teleost lineages is lacking (3,6,7). This uncertainty about relationships has prevented the development of a comprehensive time-calibrated phylogeny of ray-finned fishes, which is necessary to understand macroevolutionary processes that underlie their diversity.Most working concepts of actinopterygian relationships are based on morphological data (6, 8), and unlike other clades of vertebrates, there has been no comprehensive effort to resolve the phylogeny of actinopterygians and teleosts using molecular data that sample multiple nuclear genes and include taxa that span the major lineages. Despite the long history of using morphological data in the phylogenetics of ray-finned fishes, there are several areas of uncertainty and disagreement...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 and 2A), which corresponds to patterns apparent in the fossil record (39). We identify this interval as the "Second Age of Fishes."…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolution of ray-finned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification

Near

Eytan

Dornburg

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

835

938

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“…Extinctions occurred at different points through the Late Triassic, including during the end-Triassic mass extinction itself, and there were major extinctions and turnovers among sharks (Cappetta, 1987;Friedman and Sallan, 2012) and marine reptiles (Thorne et al, 2011). Bony fishes, on the other hand, were apparently little affected by the end-Triassic event, with all families crossing the boundary into the Jurassic (Friedman and Sallan, 2012;Romano et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microvertebrates from the classic Rhaetian bone beds of Manor Farm Quarry, near Aust (Bristol, UK)

Allard

Carpenter²,

Duffin

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Geologists' Association

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Pseudocetorhinus pickfordi, absent in the basal bone bed, are relatively abundant in the four overlying bone-bearing units. These differences in faunal lists and in relative proportions probably do not reflect sampling, but some major differences in ecology and evolution.

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“…The other main terrestrial tetrapod clades, including crocodylomorphs, lepidosaurs, and mammals also diversified to some extent after the ETME. In the seas, there were major extinctions and turnovers among sharks (Cappetta, 1987(Cappetta, , 2012 and marine reptiles (Thorne et al, 2011), whereas bony fishes were apparently unaffected by the ETME, with all families passing into the Jurassic (Friedman and Sallan, 2012). Many details of the ETME are still much debated, not least the timing, duration, and magnitude of the event (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%